环境友好丙烯酸高吸水树脂的制备及性能和应用研究
Preparation and Performance and Application Research of Environmentally Friendly Acrylic Superabsorbent Resin
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- Keywords: Water absorbent resin; Acrylic acid; 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1- propane sulfonic acid (AMPS); Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); Biodegradable吸水树脂; 丙烯酸; AMPS CMC; 可降解
- Abstract: The modified acrylic super absorbent resin was prepared by aqueous solution polymerization with 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) containing strong hydrophilic and salt tolerant groups as modifiers. the absorption ratio of the prepared resin in deionized water and normal saline increased from 1496 g/g and 129 g/g before modification to 2944 g/g and 275g / g respectively, and the absorption ratio of soil leaching solution was 267.3 g/g. At the same time, the study on the application of the water absorbent resin in the planting of legumes found that the soil using the modified water absorbent resin can improve the germination rate of mung beans and soybeans and prolong its survival time. After 20 days of soil burial, the water absorbent resin can be degraded. At 38 ℃ , the modified acrylic resin can be degraded by 76% under the action of cellulase for 6 hours. It can be seen that the modification improves the liquid absorption capacity, salt resistance and degradation performance of acrylic water absorbent resin. As a soil water retaining agent, the water absorbent resin can improve the soil environment, save agricultural water and help agricultural development. It has important social value and environmental significance.本文以含有强亲水和耐盐基团的2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸（AMPS）和羧甲基纤维素（CMC）为改性剂，采用水溶液聚合法，制备了改性丙烯酸高吸水树脂，其在去离子水和生理盐水中的吸液倍率分别从改性前的1496g/g和129g/g提高到2944g/g和275g/g，对土壤浸出液的吸收倍率为267.3g/g。同时，该吸水树脂用于豆类植物的种植研究发现，使用改性吸水树脂的土壤能提高绿豆发芽率，并且延长它的存活时间，土埋20天后，该吸水树脂能降解，在38℃，纤维素酶作用6h，改性丙烯酸树脂降解76%。由此可见，改性提高了丙烯酸吸水树脂的吸液能力、耐盐性能和降解性能，该吸水树脂作为土壤保水剂使用，能改良土壤环境，节约农业用水，帮助农业发展，具有重要的社会价值和环境意义。
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AMPS/CMC 改性丙烯酸吸水树脂的 制备及其在土壤中的应用研究
Preparation of AMPS/CMC Modified Acrylic Water Absorbent Resin and its Application in Soil
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- Keywords: High-absorbent; Methyl; Cellulose-soil; Application-biodegradation高吸水树脂; 羧甲基纤维素; 土壤应用; 生物降解
- Abstract: Acrylic resin (PAA) has excellent water-absorbing and water-retainingproperties and can be used as a water-retaining agent in agriculture. However,its poor salt-resisting and degradation properties limit its application, it usuallyneeds to be modified. In this thesis, the modified acrylic resin was prepared byaqueous solution polymerization with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC),acrylamide-isobutane methylene propane sulfonic acid AMPS, in distilled water,the water absorption ratio was increased from 1929.3g/g to 2847.17g/g, and innormal saline, the water absorption ratio was increased from 75.4g/G to 130.9g/g. The results of SEM showed that AMPS/CMC modification could increase thenumber of folds and voids, and increase the diameter of the resin. The results ofsoil application showed that AMPS/CMC modified resin could be degraded by52% at 36 ℃ for 9h, when the germination rate of soybean was added and theAMPS/CMC modified resin was degraded by 0.5% enzyme solution. Therefore,as a water-retaining agent, it has a good synergistic effect with soil, and has agood application prospect in the field of agricultural soil water-retaining.丙烯酸树脂（PAA）具有优良的吸水保水性能，可作为保水剂应用到农业中，但PAA树脂的耐盐性能及降解性能较差，限制了其应用范围，通常需对其改性。本论文以羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）、丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸（AMPS）为改性剂，采用水溶液聚合法制备的AMPS/CMC改性丙烯酸树脂，其在蒸馏水中吸水倍率由改性前的1929.3g/g提高到2847.17g/g，在生理盐水中吸液倍率由改性前的75.4g/g提高为130.9g/g。扫描电镜测试结果表明，AMPS/CMC改性可明显增加吸水树脂的褶皱数量和空洞数量及直径，使树脂具有更优良的吸水保水能力。土壤应用研究结果表明，吸水树脂添加，能提高绿豆的发芽率，利用0.5%酶溶液降解AMPS/CMC改性树脂，36℃下9h可降解52%。由此表明，其作为保水剂与土壤具有良好的协同作用，其在农业土壤保水领域具有良好的推广应用前景。
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