拒绝上学青少年父母亲职压力问卷的编制
Compilation of Parental Stress Questionnaire for Schoolrefusing Adolescents
- Authors:
- Keywords: School refusal; Adolescent; Parental stress; Reliability; Validity拒绝上学; 青少年; 亲职压力; 信度; 效度
- Abstract: In order to draw more attention to the real plight of school refusal families and to enrich the assessment tools related to school refusal, this study uses qualitative interview method to interview parents of school-refusing teenagers. According to previous questionnaires and interview text analysis results, dimensions and items of the questionnaire are initially constructed, and experts are invited to evaluate and further modify the questionnaire to form a preliminary questionnaire. 126 parents with good adaptability were tested by carefully selected for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, 209 parents were tested by convenient sampling for confirmatory factor analysis and test reliability and validity. The results show that the questionnaire contains seven dimensions, including children’s comprehensive performance, physical reaction, emotional stress, husband-wife conflict, parent-child conflict, homeschool communication, and help-seeking distress. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, it can be used as an effective questionnaire to measure parental stress of school-refusing teenagers.目的：为了增进社会各界对于拒绝上学青少年家庭压力的了解和关注、丰富对拒学家庭支持与服务过程中的评估工具，进行拒绝上学青少年父母亲职压力问卷的编制，并检验其信度与效度。方法：采用质性访谈法对拒绝上学青少年父母进行访谈，结合前人问卷及访谈文本分析结果初步建构问卷的维度和条目，并邀请专家对问卷进行评估并进一步修改，形成共50个条目的初测问卷。对126名拒绝上学青少年家长初测，进行项目分析与探索性因素分析，形成共42个条目的正式问卷。再次对209名拒绝上学青少年家长施测，进行信效度检验及验证性因素分析。结果：本问卷包含42个条目，由“孩子综合表现”“躯体反应”“情绪压力”“夫妻矛盾”“亲子冲突”“家校沟通”“求助困扰”七个维度构成。总问卷及各维度均具有良好的信度与效度，Cronbach’sɑ系数在0.746～0.921之间，分半系数在0.653～0.878之间；结构模型拟合良好（χ2/df=1.585，GFI=0.831，CFI=0.910，AGFI=0.807，IFI=0.912，TLI=0.902，RMSEA=0.046）；效标效度检验显示，本问卷总分及各维度得分与简式亲职压力量表（PSI-SF）总分呈正相关（r=0.345～0.717，p均<0.01）。结论：本研究编制的拒绝上学青少年父母亲职压力问卷符合心理测量学指标，可用于拒绝上学青少年父母亲职压力的评测。
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科研立项
音乐类型和人格特征对听者情绪诱发的影响
The Influence of Music Type and Personality Characteristics on Listener’s Emotion
- Authors:
- Keywords: Music type; Emotion; Extroversion; Neuroticism音乐类型; 诱发情绪; 外倾性; 神经质
- Abstract: Objective: To explore the influence of different music types and personality characteristics on listeners’ emotion induction. Method: Randomly select 80 college students at school and divide them into a fast music group and a slow music group. The musical stimulus consists of two edited classical music (a fast guitar sonata and a slow wanderer song). An adapted music emotional experience scale (including four emotional words: happy, sad, fear, and anger) was used to measure the emotional state of the subjects after listening to the music. The simplified Chinese version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-RSC) was used to measure the subjects’ extraversion and neurotic personality. Results: The type of music has a significant effect on eliciting listeners’ happy mood, and has a significant effect on eliciting listeners’ sadness; extraverted personality has a significant effect on eliciting listeners Happiness has a significant effect, and neurotic personality has a significant effect on eliciting sadness in listeners. Conclusion: ① Slow music is easy to induce listeners’ negative emotions; fast music is easy to induce listeners’ positive emotions. ② The subjects with low extroversion are more likely to have happy emotions when listening to fast music. ③ Highly neurotic subjects are more likely to experience sadness when listening to slow music.目的：探讨不同的音乐类型和人格特征对听者情绪诱发的影响。方法：随机选取 80名在校大学生，分为快速音乐组和慢速音乐组。音乐刺激为两首剪辑过的古典音乐（快速的吉他奏鸣曲和慢速的流浪者之歌）。采用改编的音乐情绪体验量表（包含四种情绪词：愉快、悲伤、恐惧、愤怒）测量被试听完音乐后的情绪状态。采用简式中国版艾森克人格问卷（EPQ-RSC）测量被试的外倾性和神经质人格。结果：音乐类型对诱发听者愉快情绪有显著影响、对诱发听者悲伤情绪有显著影响；外倾性人格对诱发听者愉快情绪有显著影响、神经质人格对诱发听者悲伤情绪有显著影响。结论：①慢速的音乐易于诱发听者的消极情绪；快速的音乐易于诱发听者的积极情绪。②低外倾性的被试在听快速音乐时更容易产生愉快情绪。③高神经质的被试在听慢速音乐时更容易产生悲伤情绪。
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科研立项
