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浅论军事测绘学和军事地理学的演进与发展

On the Evolution and Development of Military Geomatics and Military Geography

Geomatics Observation / 2021,3(3): 140-146 / 2021-09-14 648 719

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• Authors: 张婧     
• Information:

  中国地质大学地理与信息工程学院，武汉

• Keywords: Military surveying and mapping; Military geography; Geographic information Engineering; Geographic Information Science; Development trajectory; Differentiation; The focus; Battlefield geographic environment information assurance 军事测绘学；军事地理学；地理信息工程；地理信息科学；发展轨迹；分异；聚焦； 战场地理环境信息保障
• Abstract: The evolution and development of military surveying and mapping and military geography have a history of nearly two thousand years. Now, they have entered the information age and become two independent disciplines belonging to engineering and science. This paper discusses the research object, content, scope and method of military surveying and mapping and military geography. This paper analyzes the development process of military geomatics and military geography, describes their evolution track, especially analyzes the development trend and characteristics of military geomatics and military geography in the information age. Based on the function of military geomatics and military geography in information guarantee of battlefield geographic environment, the “differentiation” and “focus” of military geomatics and military geography are analyzed from two kinds of thinking, development process, development characteristics and development trend of information guarantee of battlefield geographic environment. Finally, discussed from the height of the philosophy of “space and time together form the two basic forms of movement of the material,” and “spatial reference and time reference is natural and social phenomena of two basic reference system” point of view, and think the military surveying and mapping science and military geography is the study of movement and exists in space and time to material, However, the specific object, content, scope and method of the research are very different, so they will deepen their research contents, expand their research scope and innovate their research methods in the infinite and limited unified space and time, and at the same time focus more closely on battlefield geographic environment information guarantee. 军事测绘学和军事地理学的演进与发展，都有近两千多年的历史，如今都已进入信息时代，成为分属工科和理科的两门独立的学科。本文论述了军事测绘学和军事地理学的研究对象、内容、范围和方法；分析了军事测绘学和军事地理学各自的发展过程，描述了各自的演进轨迹，特别是分析了信息时代的军事测绘学和军事地理学的发展趋势和各自特点；就军事测绘学和军事地理学在战场地理环境信息保障中的作用，分别从战场地理环境信息保障的两种思维、发展过程、发展特点和发展趋势等几个方面，分析了军事测绘学和军事地理学的“分异”与“聚焦”；最后，从哲学的高度论述了“空间与时间一起构成运动着的物质存在的两种基本形式”和“空间参照与时间参照是自然与社会现象的两个基本参照系统”的观点，认为军事测绘学和军事地理学都是研究存在于空间和时间之中且运动着的物质，但研究的具体对象、内容、范围和方法有很大区别，必将在无限和有限统一的空间和时间中深化各自的研究内容、开拓各自的研究范围，创新各自的研究方法，同时又更加紧密地聚焦于战场地理环境信息保障。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/go.0303013c
• Cite: 张婧．浅论军事测绘学和军事地理学的演进与发展［J］．测绘观察，2021，3（3）：140-146．