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电子数据取证中见证人制度的设置问题研究

Research on the Establishment of Eye-witness System in Electronic Data Forensics

Criminal Justice Science & Governance / 2021,2(1): 15-27 / 2021-06-23 1086 620

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• Authors: 肖承海 沈子炀
• Information:

  中国政法大学刑事司法学院，北京

• Keywords:
  Electronic data forensics; Eye-witness system; Criminal investigation
  电子数据取证; 见证人制度; 侦查
• Abstract: The eye-witness system has three functions: proof, supervision and auxiliary discovery. At present, aiming at the practical demand of electronic data forensics, the Ministry of Public Security has formulated the rules of electronic data forensics on the basis of the characteristics of electronic data——multilayer, systematicness and relative stability, which provides guidance for the collection of electronic data in the investigation stage. Throughout the establishment of the eye-witness system in the process of electronic data forensics, there are some problems, for example, the logical conflict in application of rules of electronic data forensics, the failure of application of the eye-witness system due to the unclear boundary of forensics measures, and the obstruction in application of eye-witness system caused by the unclear nature of some forensics behaviors and so on. Therefore, we should refer to the traditional investigation measures and combine with the new characteristics of electronic data, to explore the reasonable standard of establishment of eye-witness system in electronic data forensics. And on this basis, we try to put forward solutions to the problems about the establishment of eye-witness system, to realize the value of eye-witness system in electronic data forensics. 见证人制度在侦查活动中具备证明、监督、辅助发现三大功能。现阶段，针对电子数据取证的现实需求，公安部基于电子数据多重性、系统性、相对稳定性等特点制定了《电子数据取证规则》，为侦查阶段电子数据的收集提供指引。纵观电子数据取证过程中见证人制度的设置，存在着适用规则的逻辑冲突、取证措施边界不清导致见证人制度适用的部分失灵、部分取证行为定性不明确导致见证人制度适用的阻碍等问题。因此，应当参照传统侦查措施并结合电子数据之特点，探索合理的电子数据取证见证人制度的设立标准，并在此基础上针对见证人制度设置中出现的问题提出解决方案，以切实实现见证人制度在电子数据取证中的价值。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0201003
• Cite: 肖承海，沈子炀．电子数据取证中见证人制度的设置问题研究［J］．2021，刑事司法科学与治理，2（1）：15-27．