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轻罪治理背景下的犯罪附随后果研究

A Study on the Consequences of Crime in the Context of Misdemeanor Governance

Criminal Justice Science & Governance / 2025,6(1): 97-105 / 2025-04-29 4 10

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• Authors: 王海帆     
• Information:

  中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院，武汉

• Keywords: Consequences of crime; Misdemeanor governance; Criminal record 犯罪附随后果；轻罪治理；犯罪前科
• Abstract: Since the promulgation of the Ninth Amendment to the Criminal Law, China has added a large number of misdemeanors under the guidance of the positive concept of criminal law, and the scope of misdemeanors has been continuously expanded, so it can be said that our country has officially entered a new era of misdemeanor governance. As an invisible punishment measure, the collateral consequences of crime still exist widely in various forms, and there are three main positions in the criminal law academic circles on their nature: The theory of security sanctions, the theory of administrative punishment and the theory of qualification punishment. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically clean up and standardize the system and avoid moving towards a “strict and severe” criminal structure. Define the sources of incidental consequences of crimes in the upstream field, and clarify the methods for applying the collateral consequences of crimes; Improve the mechanism for sealing criminal records in the midstream sector, and determine the principle of competing application of legal provisions; In the downstream field, it is forbidden to arbitrarily inquire into criminal records, and an effective remedial mechanism is to be established. 自《刑法修正案（九）》颁布以来，我国在积极性刑法观的指导下大量增设轻罪，轻罪范围不断扩大，可以说我国已经正式进入了轻罪治理的新时代。犯罪附随后果作为一种隐形的惩罚措施，仍以各种形式广泛存在。对于其性质，刑法学界主要存在保安处分说、行政处罚说和资格刑说三种立场。细究下来，每种学说都有不足之处，这主要是因为当前我国的犯罪附随后果存在诸多不规范之处。因此，有必要对该制度进行系统性的清理与规范，避免走向“又严又厉”的犯罪结构。在上游领域限定犯罪附随后果来源，明确犯罪附随后果适用方式；在中游领域完善犯罪记录封存机制，确定法条竞合适用原则；在下游领域禁止任意查询前科，建立有效救济机制。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0601011
• Cite: 王海帆．轻罪治理背景下的犯罪附随后果研究［J］．刑事司法科学与治理，2025，6（1）：97-105．