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论司法鉴定争议解决机制的完善

The Settlement Mechanism about the Disputes in Forensic Science

Criminal Justice Science & Governance / 2025,6(1): 1-8 / 2025-04-29 10 7

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• Authors: 郝瑜瑜     
• Information:

  华东政法大学刑事法学院，上海

• Keywords: Identification dispute; Forensic science; Identification complaint; Forensic experts opinions 鉴定争议；司法鉴定；鉴定投诉；鉴定意见
• Abstract: Resolving identification disputes or contentions arising from forensic experts opinions is of great significance for maintaining the credibility of forensic science. Given the complexities inherent in forensics and the influence of multiple factors, the existing dispute resolution system in forensics may experience malfunctions in practical operation. This is mainly manifested in issues such as written replies being difficult to effectively resolve disputes, a low appearance rate of forensic experts and weak pertinence of cross-examination, harsh starting conditions for re-appraisal, an imperfect expert assistant system, and irrational rights protection by parties. Based on these problems, countermeasures are put forward, including improving the written reply procedure, restricting secondary objections, clarifying the guarantee of the rights of forensic experts to appear in court, refining the starting conditions for re-identification, enhancing the effectiveness of expert assistants in cross-examination, setting up conditions for accepting appraisal complaints and establishing a complaint publicity mechanism, with the hope of being beneficial to the subsequent reform of Chinese forensic system. 解决由鉴定意见引发的鉴定争议或纠纷，对于维护司法鉴定的公信力具有重要作用。由于司法鉴定的复杂性和多种因素的影响，现存的鉴定争议解决机制在实际运行中会出现功能失灵，主要表现为书面答复难以有效解决争议、鉴定人出庭率低且质证针对性弱、重新鉴定启动条件苛刻、专家辅助人制度不完善以及当事人不理智维权等问题。本文基于上述问题，提出了完善书面答复程序、制约二次异议、明确鉴定人出庭权利保障、细化重新鉴定启动条件、提高专家辅助人质证实效、设置鉴定投诉受理条件及建立投诉宣传机制等解决对策，以期对我国鉴定制度的后续改革有所助益。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0601001
• Cite: 郝瑜瑜．论司法鉴定争议解决机制的完善［J］．刑事司法科学与治理，2025，6（1）：1-8．