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现场重建报告作为刑事法庭证据的实现路径

The Path to Realizing Crime Scene Reconstruction Reports as Court Evidence

范晋霖

Criminal Justice Science & Governance / 2026,7(1): 80-90 / 2026-07-14 11 5

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• Information:

  中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院，武汉

• Keywords:
  Crime scene reconstruction report; Types of evidence; Review standards
  现场重建报告; 证据种类; 审查标准
• Abstract: Crime scene reconstruction has long served as a major investigative tool for law enforcement worldwide. Against the backdrop of growing international exchanges in criminal investigation, relevant practices and researches in China have been on the rise. As the core carrier of reconstruction work, crime scene reconstruction reports are assuming an increasingly important evidential role in criminal trials. Nevertheless, affected by differences in national systems and legal cultures, their application as courtroom evidence currently encounters three major problems: inconsistent compilation standards, undefined evidential attributes, and the absence of judicial review rules. To tackle these issues, this paper proposes to integrate crime scene reconstruction reports into China’s criminal trial system. It is necessary to formulate unified writing criteria, clarify their legal classification and evidential attributes in accordance with the Interpretation of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, and establish supporting review rules. The above measures will advance the admissibility of such reports as criminal evidence, deliver workable procedural review paradigms for judicial authorities, and build a sound substantive evidence review. 现场重建一直以来都是各国侦查机关侦破案件的主要手段。近年来，中外侦查领域交流不断深入，我国在现场重建方面的实践与研究也逐步增多。作为现场重建活动的核心载体，现场重建报告在我国法庭中的证据功能愈发重要。然而，缘于国内外制度国情、法律文化背景等方面差异，当下现场重建报告存在刑事庭审证据适用挑战，具体可总括为三大问题：其一，报告制作标准不一；其二，报告证据属性不明；其三，报告法庭审查规则存在缺位。面对上述问题，应当将现场重建报告的概念引入我国刑事审判工作领域，在明确其撰写规范的同时，准确定位现场重建报告在我国《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法〉的解释》中的证据种类及其属性，并建构与之配套的现场重建报告审查规则，从而推动现场重建报告法庭证据适格化发展，为审判机关提供切实可行的程序审查范式，构建证据实质化审查体系。
• DOI: 10.35534/cjsg.0701008
• Cite: 范晋霖．现场重建报告作为刑事法庭证据的实现路径［J］．刑事司法科学与治理，2026，7（1）：80-90．