Keywords:
Internet rumors; Rumor discrimination standard; Four elements of crime theory; Rumor punishment
网络谣言;谣言辨析标准;犯罪四要素理论;谣言处罚
Abstract:
In order to maintain social order and stability, the government actively carries out network
rumor governance activities, but only when the governance object is clear, the accuracy of the attack can
be improved, and then the predictability of law application and individual behavior can be maintained
to achieve the purpose of stabilizing public order. Starting from the definition of rumors, based on
the theory of four elements of crime constitution, this paper holds that rumors should be defined
from three aspects: subjective intention, objective facts and harmful consequences. Adhering to the
principles of authenticity and prudence, a set of more comprehensive criteria for rumor discrimination
is constructed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Internet rumor governance. On the basis of
distinguishing rumors, deterrence theory is adopted as the basis In order to form a relatively complete
theoretical system for the identification and punishment of rumors, this paper constructs the rumor
punishment matrix.
为维护社会秩序稳定,政府积极开展网络谣言治理活动,但只有治理对象明确,打击的精准度才能提高,进而维护法律适用和个人行为的可预测性,达到稳定公共秩序的目的。本文从谣言的定义入手,以犯罪构成四要件理论为基础,认为应从主观意图、客观事实、危害后果三方面对谣言进行界定,秉持真实性和审慎原则,构建一套较为全面的谣言辨析标准,提升网络谣言治理的精度和效率,并且在辨别谣言的基础上,通过威慑理论为基础构建谣言处罚矩阵,以期能够为谣言的辨别和处罚形成一套较为完整的理论体系。