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煤矿防灭火技术研究新进展

Summary of Coal Mine Fire Prevention and Extinguishing Technology

Environment and Resource / 2024,6(3): 11-24 / 2024-09-02 424 286

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• Authors: 邱文菁 白刚 田富超
• Information:

  辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院，葫芦岛

• Keywords:
  Mine fire; Fire prevention technology; Exogenous fire; Spontaneous combustion of coal; Research progress
  矿井火灾; 防灭火技术; 外因火灾; 煤的自燃发火; 研究进展
• Abstract: This paper summarizes the fire prevention and extinguishing technology in coal mine, mainly analyzes the classification, cause, harm and prevention technology of mine fire. Coal mine fire is mainly divided into two categories according to the cause of fire, internal fire and external fire, of which internal fire accounts for a relatively high proportion, usually caused by spontaneous combustion of coal seam, also known as spontaneous combustion fire. This paper discusses the mechanism, condition and influencing factors of coal spontaneous combustion in detail, and introduces the test method of coal spontaneous combustion tendency. Further, the paper systematically sorted out the common fire prevention technology, including filling and plugging, pressure equalization, grouting, inert gas, retarder, polymer material, three-phase foam, etc., and discussed the fire fighting mechanism, advantages and disadvantages and applicable conditions of these technologies. Finally, the paper emphasizes the seriousness and importance of China’s coal mine safety work, and points out the direction of future technology development. 文章综述了煤矿防灭火技术，重点分析了矿井火灾的分类、成因、危害以及防治技术。煤矿火灾根据起火原因主要分为内因火灾和外因火灾两大类，其中内因火灾占比较高，通常由煤层自燃引起，也称自燃火灾。文章详细探讨了煤自燃的机理、条件及影响因素，并介绍了煤自燃倾向性的测试方法。此外，综合地整理了目前常用的防灭火技术，包括充填堵漏、均压、注浆、惰性气体、阻化剂、高分子材料、三相泡沫等，并讨论了这些技术的灭火机理、优缺点及适用条件。最后，强调了我国煤矿安全工作的严峻性和重要性，并指出了未来技术发展的方向。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/er.0603002
• Cite: 邱文菁，白刚，田富超．煤矿防灭火技术研究新进展［J］．环境与资源，2024，6（3）：11-24．