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镐型截齿割煤产尘机理研究

Study on the Mechanism of Dust Production from Coal Cutting with Pick-type Cutter Teeth

Environment and Resource / 2025,7(2): 297-303 / 2025-12-23 8 4

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• Authors:
• Information:

  1. 神华新街能源有限责任公司博士工作室, 鄂尔多斯;
  2. 神华新街能源有限责任公司无废矿区工作室, 鄂尔多斯；
  3. 中国矿业大学（北京）共伴生能源精准开采北京市重点实验室，北京

• Keywords:
  Working face; Dust concentration; Intrusion angle; Pick cone angle; Cutter spacing
  工作面; 粉尘浓度; 侵入角度; 截齿锥角; 截齿间距
• Abstract: Coal dust hazard is a primary target for prevention and control in underground coal mining, posing threats to workers’ health and daily production safety. To elucidate the mechanism of dust generation during coal cutting at the deep excavation face in the Xinjie Taigemiao mining area and to mitigate dust hazards, this study established a physical model of the coal-cutting process using pick-type cutter teeth based on elastic-plastic theory and numerical simulation. The effects of the cutter’s attack angle, cone angle, and spacing on dust generation were investigated. The results show that as the cutter’s cone angle increases, the tip stress and the amount of dust generated increase simultaneously, showing a linear relationship. Conversely, the attack angle is negatively correlated with tip stress and dust generation; a smaller attack angle produces less dust. Furthermore, the cutter spacing demonstrates a non-monotonic relationship with tip stress and the number of cracks, first increasing and then decreasing. At a spacing of 20 mm, the tip stress and number of cracks peak, resulting in the highest coal-breaking efficiency and the highest dust generation. The findings reveal the mechanism of dust generation during coal breaking by picks in excavation equipment. This study provides a valuable reference for dust control design at working faces and offers guidance for achieving safe mining practices in tunnelling operations. 煤尘灾害作为煤炭井工开采的主要防控对象之一，威胁井下作业人员身体健康和煤矿日常生产安全。为明晰新街台格庙矿区深部掘进工作面破煤产尘机理，降低工作面粉尘危害，以新街台格庙矿区掘进工作面为工程背景，通过弹塑性力学理论分析及数值模拟方法，研究截齿侵入角度、截齿锥角和截齿间距对截齿产尘影响。研究表明，随齿尖锥角增大，齿尖应力和产生的粉尘量也同时增大，齿尖锥角与截齿侵入煤体时的齿尖应力和产生的粉尘量呈线性关系；与此相反，截齿侵入角度与截齿齿尖应力和粉尘量呈负相关，截齿侵入角度越小，产生的粉尘量越少；此外，截齿间距与截齿齿尖应力、裂隙数量表现为先增大后减小的关系，截齿间距为20mm时，齿尖应力、裂隙数量最大，截齿破岩效果最好，产生的粉尘量最高。研究结果揭示了煤岩掘进设备截齿破煤产尘规律，为工作面防尘设计提供参考，对实现掘进工作面的安全开采具有指导意义。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/er.0702024 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 张锁，刘小波，董俊亮，等．镐型截齿割煤产尘机理研究［J］．环境与资源，2025，7（2）：297-303.