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四川盆地南部深层页岩气地质特征与上层系井效果评价

Geological Characteristics of Deep Shale Gas and Evaluation of Upper-interval Well Performance in the Southern Sichuan Basin

黎菁¹, 何嘉¹, 李立¹, 邱峋晰², 杨照娜¹, 高智¹, 龚鑫¹, 骆昂¹

Environment and Resource / 2026,8(8): 328-335 / 2026-08-19 14 9

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• Information:

  1. 中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司地质勘探开发研究院，成都；
  2. 四川页岩气勘探开发有限责任公司，成都

• Keywords:
  Southern Sichuan Basin; Luzhou area; Deep shale gas; Exploration potential; Three‑dimensional development; Upper‑interval performance evaluation
  四川盆地南部; 泸州地区; 深层页岩; 勘探潜力; 立体开发; 上层系效果评价
• Abstract: The deep shale gas resources of the Wufeng–Longmaxi formations in the Luzhou block of the southern Sichuan Basin hold considerable potential and represent a core area for production replacement in the southern Sichuan shale gas play. However, strong vertical reservoir heterogeneity, complex in‑situ stress fields, and significant interlayer differences have led to insufficient production from the upper intervals and unclear adaptability of three‑dimensional development, which constrain the overall recovery enhancement of the block. Taking the deep shale gas reservoirs with burial depths greater than 3500 m in the Luzhou block as the study object, and integrating core laboratory tests, well‑logging data, 3D seismic interpretation, and production performance monitoring data from well pads, this study systematically characterizes the fine geological features of the shale reservoirs, including reservoir physical properties, rock mechanics, and in‑situ stress distribution. Through multi‑well pad production comparison and interlayer interference identification, the development performance and production behavior of the upper intervals under a three‑dimensional, staggered well pattern development scheme are quantitatively evaluated. The results indicate that the deep shale in the block exhibits pronounced vertical layering. Compared to the high‑quality lower intervals, the upper intervals are characterized by relatively low organic matter content, poor stability of brittle minerals, complex pore‑throat structures, strong in‑situ stress perturbations, and pronounced heterogeneity in natural fracture development, resulting in an overall inferior reservoir quality. The three‑dimensional development mode can effectively reactivate the remaining reserves in the upper intervals and achieve large‑scale gas production. However, constrained by reservoir property differences and limited vertical propagation of hydraulic fractures, the single‑well productivity and production stability of the upper intervals are inferior to those of the lower intervals, and some interlayer interference is observed. This study clarifies the potential and key technical adaptation directions for three‑dimensional development of the upper deep shale intervals in the Luzhou block, and provides important geological and engineering references for the vertically differentiated efficient development of deep shale gas, stable production and enhancement in mature areas, and efficient resource utilization in the southern Sichuan Basin. 四川盆地南部泸州区块五峰组—龙马溪组深层页岩气资源潜力大，是川南页岩气产能接替的核心区域，但其储层纵向非均质性强、地应力复杂、层间差异显著，上层系储量动用不充分、立体开发适配性不明，制约了区块整体采收率提升。以泸州区块埋深大于3500m的深层页岩气储层为研究对象，综合利用岩心实验测试、测井资料、三维地震解释及井组生产动态监测数据，系统剖析研究区页岩储层物性、岩石力学及地应力分布等精细地质特征，通过多井组产能对比、层间干扰识别等手段，定量评价错层井网立体开发模式下上层系的开发效果与生产规律。研究结果表明：区块深层页岩纵向分层特征显著，相较于下层系优质储层，上层系存在有机质含量偏低、脆性矿物稳定性差、孔渗结构复杂、地应力扰动强烈、天然裂缝发育非均质性突出等特点，储层品质整体偏弱；立体开发模式可有效盘活上层系剩余储量，实现规模化产气，但受储层物性差异与压裂裂缝纵向延伸限制，上层系单井产能、稳产能力均低于下层系，且存在一定程度的层间干扰问题。该研究明确了泸州区块深层页岩上层系立体开发的潜力与关键技术适配方向，可为川南深层页岩气纵向分层高效开发、老区稳产增产、资源高效动用提供重要的地质依据与工程参考。
• DOI: 10.35534/er.0803048 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 黎菁，何嘉，李立，等．四川盆地南部深层页岩气地质特征与上层系井效果评价［J］．环境与资源，2026，8（3）：328-335.