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近十年我国短跑研究热点、趋势——基于CiteSpace可视化分析

In the Past Ten Years, Our Country’s Sprint Research Hotspots and Trends: Based on CiteSpace Visual Analysis

Leisure Sports and Health / 2025,5(1): 117-126 / 2025-07-29 24 19

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• Authors: 弓林煊
• Information:

  湖北大学体育学院，武汉
  

• Keywords:
  Sprint; Summary; CiteSpace; Visualization; Knowledge graph
  短跑; 综述; CiteSpace; 可视化; 知识图谱
• Abstract: This study primarily employs research methods such as visual analysis and literature review to analyze the hotspots and trends in research related to sprinting in China, providing references for the sustainable development of the country’s sprinting events. Using CiteSpace software, the study conducted a visual analysis of 85 CSSCI core journal articles on sprinting from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database published between 2013 and 2022, systematically revealing the research status, hotspots, and trends. The main findings are as follows: (1) Temporal Characteristics: The publication volume showed a three-stage evolution (decline → rise → fluctuation), significantly correlated with the Olympic cycle (e.g., peaks in 2016 and 2021). (2) Subject Distribution: Core institutions include Beijing Sport University (28 articles), the Research Institute of Sports Science under the General Administration of Sport of China (13 articles), and Tsinghua University (13 articles), forming a pattern of concentration in the east and weakness in the central and western regions. Institutional collaboration density is low (0.0265). Centered around Jiang Zili (12 articles), Li Qing (10 articles), and Su Bingtian (6 articles), a large collaboration group has formed, but the overall author network remains loose. (3) Hotspots and Frontiers: 1) Keyword Burst Detection: Six burst terms were detected. “Speed Endurance” (2016-2017, Strength=6.37), “Stride Length” (2018-2019, Strength=4.82), and “Resisted Sprinting” (2019-2020) were strong burst themes, reflecting the phased focus on training methods and technical indicators. 2) Keyword Co-occurrence: High-frequency keywords include “Sprint” (Frequency 26, Centrality 0.66), “Competitive Sports” (Frequency 5), and “Training Load” (Frequency 3). High-centrality keywords reveal “Sprint” as the core hub. 3) Keyword Clustering: Seven thematic clusters were generated. Based on silhouette values (all >0.9), they can be categorized as: Technical Focus: #0 Sprint (Silhouette 0.985), #2 Stride Length (0.929), #7 Leg Drive (0.984), focusing on stride length optimization and leg drive technique; Competitive Focus: #1 Competitive Sports (0.951), #3 Energy Output (0.938), #4 Training Load (0.944), #5 Sports Performance (0.985), associated with load regulation and performance enhancement. (4) Evolutionary Trends: Research has expanded from traditional training topics (speed endurance, stride frequency/length) towards interdisciplinary areas. Emerging hotspots include refined technical directions such as body cognition, gluteal muscle depression, and ineffective flight phase. 本文主要采用可视化分析法、文献资料法等研究方法，梳理我国短跑领域相关研究的热点与趋势，为我国短跑项目可持续发展提供相关借鉴。研究运用CiteSpace软件，对2013—2022年中国知网85篇短跑领域CSSCI核心文献进行可视化分析，系统揭示研究现状、热点与趋势。主要发现如下：（1）时序特征发文量呈三阶段演变（下降→上升→波动），与奥运会周期显著相关（如2016、2021年峰值）；（2）主体分布：机构以北京体育大学（28篇）、国家体育总局科研所（13篇）、清华大学（13篇）为核心，形成东部集聚、中西部薄弱格局，机构合作密度低（0.0265）；作者以姜自立（12篇）、李庆（10篇）、苏炳添（6篇）为中心形成大合作群，但整体网络松散；（3）热点与前沿：1）关键词凸现：检测出6个突现词，“速度耐力”（2016—2017，Strength=6.37）、“步长”（2018—2019，Strength=4.82）、“拖物跑”（2019—2020）为强突现主题，反映训练方法与技术指标的阶段性焦点；2）关键词共现：高频词包括短跑（频次26，中心性0.66）、竞技体育（频次5）、训练负荷（频次3），高中介中心性词揭示“短跑”为核心枢纽；3）关键词聚类：生成7类主题，按轮廓值（均大于0.9）可分为技术类：#0短跑（轮廓值0.985）、#2步长（0.929）、#7后蹬（0.984），聚焦步长优化、后蹬技术；竞技类：#1竞技体育（0.951）、#3能量输出（0.938）、#4训练负荷（0.944）、#5运动成绩（0.985），关联负荷调控与成绩提升；（4）演进趋势：研究从传统训练（速度耐力、步频步长）向交叉学科拓展，新兴热点涌现身体认知、臀肌下压、无效腾空等精细化技术方向。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/lsh.0501020
• Cite: 弓林煊．近十年我国短跑研究热点、趋势——基于CiteSpace可视化分析［J］．休闲运动与健康，2025，5（1）：117-126．