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运动干预青少年抑郁症的研究进展

Research Progress on Exercise Interventions for Adolescent Depression

黄佳琦

Leisure Sports and Health / 2026,6(1): 43-49 / 2026-04-21 10 5

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• Information:

  湖北大学体育学院，武汉

• Keywords:
  Exercise intervention; Non-pharmacological intervention; Adolescent depression; Neurobiological mechanisms
  运动干预; 非药物干预; 青少年抑郁症; 神经生物学机制
• Abstract: Adolescent depression has become a major global public health challenge, severely impacting adolescents’ mental health, social function and long-term development. Traditional therapeutic approaches such as pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy exhibit certain efficacy but are plagued by issues including adverse effects, poor compliance, stigmatization, and limited accessibility. In recent years, exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, has gained growing recognition in the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression due to its advantages of high cost-effectiveness, minimal side effects, and ease of implementation. Therefore, this article systematically synthesizes relevant studies on exercise intervention for adolescent depression conducted in recent years. The results show that exercise intervention has a moderate effect size on adolescent depressive symptoms; a medium-intensity combined exercise intervention depression, consisting of 3 sessions per week, 45-60 minutes per session, for a duration of 8-12 weeks; its antidepressant mechanisms encompass multiple biological pathways, including the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, modulation of monoaminergic neurotransmitters and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function, attenuation of inflammatory responses, and remodeling brain network architecture; emerging technologies such as exergames and virtual reality can significantly improve the interest and compliance of intervention. This paper aims to provide a reference for promoting the more scientific and extensive practice and application of exercise intervention in the adolescent mental health service system. 青少年抑郁症已成为全球性重大公共卫生挑战，严重影响青少年的心理健康、社会功能及长远发展。传统治疗方法如药物治疗和心理治疗虽有一定效果，但存在副作用、依从性差、污名化及可及性有限等问题。近年来，运动作为非药物干预手段，因其成本效益高、副作用少、易于实施等优势，在青少年抑郁症防治领域的价值日益凸显。本文系统梳理近年运动干预青少年抑郁症的相关研究，结果表明：运动干预对青少年抑郁症具有中等效应量的临床疗效；推荐采用持续8～12周、每周3次、每次45～60分钟的中等强度混合运动干预方案；其抗抑郁机制涉及上调脑源性神经营养因子、调节单胺类神经递质与下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺轴功能、减轻炎症反应及重塑脑网络结构等生物学通路；运动游戏、虚拟现实等新兴技术能有效提升干预的趣味性与依从性。本文旨在为推动运动干预在青少年心理健康服务体系中得到更科学、更广泛的实践与应用提供参考。
• DOI: 10.35534/lsh.0601008 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 黄佳琦．运动干预青少年抑郁症的研究进展［J］．休闲运动与健康，2026，6（1）：43-49．