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12周马术和足球运动对孤独症谱系障碍儿童核心症状和机能素质的影响对比

Comparison of the Effects of 12-Week Equestrian and Soccer Training on Core Symptoms and Physical Fitness in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

陈浩, 李树屏, 陶缨

Leisure Sports and Health / 2026,6(1): 71-80 / 2026-04-21 14 12

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• Information:

  湖北大学体育学院，武汉

• Keywords:
  Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder; Exercise intervention; Equestrian intervention; Soccer intervention
  孤独症儿童; 运动干预; 马术干预; 足球干预
• Abstract: Objective: To investigate and compare the effects of equestrian and soccer interventions on core symptoms and physical fitness in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Methods: Twenty-four children with ASD were randomly assigned to an equestrian group, a soccer group, and a control group, receiving corresponding interventions or maintaining regular activities. The intervention lasted 12 weeks. Core ASD symptoms and physical fitness were assessed at baseline, the 4th week, the 8th week, and post-intervention. Results: (1) Both the equestrian and soccer groups significantly improved the core symptoms of children with ASD. Specifically, equestrian training showed more pronounced improvements in overall core symptoms and language, with language improvement occurring earlier than in the soccer group. Soccer training showed more significant improvements in sensory and social interaction aspects, with improvements in these areas appearing earlier than in the equestrian group. (2) Both interventions significantly improved the physical fitness of children with ASD. Equestrian training demonstrated more obvious benefits for balance and coordination, with improvements in strength and coordination emerging earlier than in the soccer group. Soccer training showed more significant improvements in strength, endurance, flexibility, and agility, with these benefits appearing earlier than in the equestrian group. Conclusion: Both exercise modalities demonstrated improvement effects on children with ASD, but with distinct characteristics. Equestrian training showed superior effects on alleviating core symptoms, while soccer training yielded better outcomes for enhancing physical fitness. A combined intervention protocol may be superior to a single intervention. 目的：探讨马术和足球运动对孤独症儿童核心症状和机能素质的干预效果，并比较可能存在的差异。方法：将24名孤独症儿童随机分为马术组、足球组、对照组，分别进行相应的干预或对照处理。干预为期12周，在干预前、第4周、第8周、干预结束后，对孤独症儿童核心症状、机能素质进行评估。结果：（1）马术组和足球组均能显著改善孤独症儿童的核心症状。其中，马术运动对核心症状的总体、言语方面改善较为明显，且言语改善出现时间早于足球组；足球运动对核心症状的感觉、交往改善较为明显，且感觉、交往素质改善方面出现时间早于马术组。（2）马术组和足球组均能显著改善孤独症儿童的机能素质。其中，马术运动对平衡、协调素质改善较为明显，且力量、协调出现改善时间早于足球组；足球运动对力量、耐力、柔韧、灵敏等素质较为明显，且出现时间早于马术组。结论：两种运动对孤独症儿童的改善效果展现了不同的特点：马术运动对核心症状的改善效果更佳；足球运动对身体素质的改善效果更佳；联合干预方案可能优于单一干预方案。
• DOI: 10.35534/lsh.0601013 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 陈浩，李树屏，陶缨．12 周马术和足球运动对孤独症谱系障碍儿童核心症状和机能素质的影响对比［J］．休闲运动与健康，2026，6（1）：71-80．