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运动干预对自闭症谱系障碍儿童睡眠影响的研究综述

The Influence Pathway of Exercise Intervention on Sleep in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

刘青旸

Leisure Sports and Health / 2026,6(1): 112-118 / 2026-04-21 31 16

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• Information:

  湖北大学体育学院，武汉

• Keywords:
  Autism spectrum disorder; Sleep disorder; Exercise intervention; Melatonin; Narrative review
  自闭症谱系障碍; 睡眠障碍; 运动干预; 褪黑素; 叙述性综述
• Abstract: Sleep disorder is a common comorbidity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which seriously affects children’s neurodevelopment and family quality of life. As a safe, non-invasive and non-pharmacological approach, exercise intervention has good application value in improving sleep problems of this population. This paper reviews relevant studies at home and abroad from 2014 to 2025, summarizes the improvement effect of different types and schemes of exercise intervention on sleep in children with ASD, analyzes its core physiological mechanism and influencing pathways, and discusses the shortcomings and future directions of current research. Studies have shown that moderate-intensity exercise intervention, 2-3 times per week, 30-60 minutes per session for 6-12 consecutive weeks, can significantly improve the core sleep problems of children with ASD, such as low sleep efficiency, difficulty falling asleep and frequent nocturnal awakenings. Its core pathway is melatonin-mediated circadian rhythm regulation, and it also exerts auxiliary effects by regulating the balance of the autonomic nervous system and improving emotional behavior. At present, there are some limitations in the related research, such as small sample size, inconsistent exercise prescription and insufficient mechanism research. In the future, standardized and targeted exercise intervention research should be carried out, combined with multidisciplinary methods to further explore the mechanism of action, so as to provide practical basis for the formulation of exercise intervention programs for sleep problems in children with ASD. 睡眠障碍是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的常见共病，严重影响患儿神经发育与家庭生活质量。运动干预作为安全无创的非药物手段，在改善该群体睡眠问题方面具备良好应用价值。本文梳理2014—2025年国内外相关研究，采用叙述性综述方式总结不同运动干预类型与方案对ASD儿童睡眠的改善效果，分析其核心生理机制及影响通路，并探讨当前研究存在的不足与未来研究方向。研究表明，采用中等强度、每周2～3次、每次30～60分钟且持续6～12周的运动干预，能显著改善ASD儿童睡眠效率低、入睡困难、夜间易醒等核心睡眠问题；其核心作用通路为褪黑素介导的昼夜节律调控，同时可通过调节自主神经系统平衡和改善情绪行为发挥辅助作用。目前相关研究存在样本量偏小、运动处方不统一、机制研究不足等局限，未来需开展标准化且有针对性的运动干预研究，结合多学科手段深入探究作用机制，为制定ASD儿童睡眠问题运动干预方案提供实践依据。
• DOI: 10.35534/lsh.0601018 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 刘青旸．运动干预对自闭症谱系障碍儿童睡眠影响的研究综述［J］．休闲运动与健康，2026，6（1）：112-118．