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提高农业劳动生产率是城乡融合发展的关键

Raising the Rate of Agricultural Labour Productivity is the Key of Harmonious Development of Urban and Countryside

乡村振兴研究 / 2020,2(4)：115-128 / 2020-10-13 596 532

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• 作者： 郑振源     
• 单位：

  自然资源部老年科技工作者协会，北京

• 关键词： 城乡融合发展；振兴农业；农业转移人口市民化；农业经营规模
• Harmonious development of urban and countryside; Promotion of agriculture; Shifting of household register of transferring rural population; Scale of agricultural management
• 摘要： 处理好工农关系、城乡关系历来是国家现代化过程中的重大课题。改革开放以来，乡村为城市提供了充足农产品和劳力、土地、资金促进了城市的 发展，但是没有带来城乡均富。乡村相对贫困的主要原因是农村居民的产业经营净收入和财产性收入远少于城镇居民。城乡融合发展必须振兴乡村，振兴乡村的第一要务是振兴农业。农业的问题不在于耕地少、耕地生产能力低，而在于农业劳动生产率低，以致农业劳动者收入少，国际竞争力低，农业产业有被国际农业打垮的危险。笔者从以下三个方面提出了提高农业劳动生产率的合理建议：加快农村转移人口市民化、扩大农业经营规模、采用新技术。
• Well conducting the relationship between industry and agriculture, urban and countryside are all along the important affair of national modernization. Since the Reform and Opening, the countryside afforded abundant agricultural products, labor forces, lands and funds for urban, but, by which it did not earned harmonious development. The main reason is due to the large gap of the net disposable incomes from business and real estate between urban household and rural household. Harmonious development of urban and countryside have necessitated the promotion of countryside, whereas the promotion of countryside have necessitated the promotion of agriculture. The problem of agriculture is not owning to lack of cropland, and lower productivity, but owning to the lower rate of agricultural labor productivity, then cau sed to lowing the income of agricultural labor and the international competitive power, also causing the crisis of bankrupt of agricultural business. Therefore, three prop ositions have being suggested by the author, those are stepping up the shifting of hous ehold register of the transferring rural population from countryside to urban; extending the scale of agricultural management and adopting new agricultural technology.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/rvr.0204016
• 引用： 郑振源．提高农业劳动生产率是城乡融合发展的关键［J］．乡村振兴研究，2020，2（4）：115-128．