我国洗钱犯罪总体情况、发展动向与应对策略
The General Situation and Development Trends and Response Strategies of Money Laundering Crimes in China
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- Keywords: Money laundering crime; Development trends; Regulatory difficulties; Response strategies洗钱犯罪; 发展动向; 监管困难; 应对策略
- Abstract: Since the implementation of China’s Amendment to the Criminal Law (XI), which clearly stipulates the crime of money laundering, and the People’s Bank of China’s anti-money laundering measures, China’s money laundering criminal activities have been curbed to a certain extent, and the crime of “self-laundering” has also been effectively controlled to a certain extent. However, there is still a high incidence of money laundering criminal activities. Money laundering crime areas began to spread from the southeastern region to the western inland areas, cross-border cross-domain money laundering criminal activities intensified, the financial sector and supervision of weak industries, special industry-related money laundering crime prominent, the threat of money laundering crime in the field of emerging industries is serious, money laundering criminal activities there are clues to find difficult to screen, difficult to file prosecution verdict, difficult to identify the separation of criminal behavior. Therefore, we should strengthen the role of party committees and governments at all levels to take the lead, mobilize the masses to supervise the reporting power, improve relevant laws and regulations, and form an all-round, field-wide, industry-wide rule of law system of prevention and punishment.自我国《刑法修正案（十一）》明确规定洗钱罪及中国人民银行反洗钱各项规定措施实施以来，我国的洗钱犯罪活动行为得到一定程度的遏制，“自洗钱”犯罪行为也得到有效控制。然而，洗钱犯罪活动仍呈现高发态势。洗钱犯罪活动地区开始由东南部地区向西部内陆地区转移蔓延，跨境跨域洗钱犯罪活动加剧，金融领域和监管薄弱行业、特种行业关联洗钱犯罪突出，新兴产业领域洗钱犯罪威胁严重，洗钱犯罪活动存在线索发现筛选难、立案追诉判决难、犯罪行为分离认定难等问题。因此，应强化各级党委政府带头作用，发动群众监督举报力量，完善相关法律法规，形成全方位、全领域、全行业齐抓共治的预防处分法治体系。
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法治化背景下公众参与社区治理之主体构成问题研究——以“朝阳群众”为例
Research on the Subject Composition of Public Participation iCommunity Governance under the Background of Legalization —Take the “Chaoyang People” as an Example
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- Keywords: Public participation; Community governance; Subject composition; Legalization公众参与; 社区治理; 主体结构; 法治化
- Abstract: As a classic paradigm of public participation, mass organizations represented by “Chaoyang people” have played an important role in community governance. However, under the background of rule of law, there are many structural deviations between public authorities and the community public in the practice of public participation in community governance, which leads to many challenges in community governance. We should fully consider the requirements of the rule of law for the main structure of public participation in community governance practice, and take actions from three levels: consciousness first, ability support and system guarantee, so as to promote the full participation of the public in community governance and realize the balance of the subject ’s structure.以“朝阳群众”为代表的群众组织作为公众参与的经典范式，对社区治理发挥了重要作用。但在法治化背景下，公众参与社区治理实践中公权力机关与社区公众之间存在诸多主体结构性偏差，致使社区治理面临诸多挑战。应充分考量法治化对公众参与社区治理实践的主体结构要求，从主体、行为和效果三重层面着力施策，以促成公众对社区治理的充分参与，实现主体结构的平衡。
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高空抛物案件调查研究 —— 以物证技术为切入点
Investigation and Research on the Case of Throwing Objects From High Altitude —With Material Evidence Technology as the Breakthrough Point
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- Keywords: High altitude throwing; Material evidence technology; Evidence; Certificate; The scene reconstruction高空抛物; 物证技术; 证据; 证明; 现场重建
- Abstract: In December 26, 2020, “the People’s Republic of China Criminal Law Amendment (11)” issued, throwing objects from high altitude into the punishment, the need to conduct in-depth research and investigation of throwing objects from high altitude, in order to fit the current requirements of the rule of law. Since throwing objects from high altitude involves many evidence problems, we can try to investigate throwing cases from high altitude from the point of physical evidence technology, realize the modernization of throwing cases from high altitude, and contribute to the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. Firstly, this paper analyzes the present situation and harm of throwing cases from high altitude, and explains the actual value of studying throwing cases from high altitude. Secondly, it analyzes the reasons for the frequent cases of throwing objects from high altitude, that is, it is difficult to distinguish between throwing objects from falling objects from high altitude. Difficulty in gathering evidence; The difficulty of judicial proof points out the difficulty of investigation of throwing objects from high altitude. Finally, the case of throwing objects from high altitude is considered with the material evidence technology as the entry point, and the corresponding investigation countermeasures are put forward: distinguishing throwing objects from high altitude and falling objects; To prove a case of throwing objects from high altitude includes to prove the nature of the case, to prove the doer of throwing objects from high altitude, and to prove whether the doer of throwing objects from high altitude is subjective or intentional; Scene reconstruction of high altitude throwing cases, including analyzing ground phenomena and proving the location of throwing cases; Analyze the parabolic scene and speculate the subjective state of mind; Analyze the trajectory of the air and restore the full picture of parabolic objects.2020 年12 月26 日，《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（十一）》出台，高空抛物入刑，需要对高空抛物案件进行深入研究调查，方能契合当前的法治要求。由于高空抛物涉及较多证据问题，故可从物证技术为切入点，尝试调查高空抛物案件，实现高空抛物治理现代化，为中国特色社会主义法治添砖加瓦。本文首先分析了高空抛物案件的现状及危害，说明了研究高空抛物案件的实际价值。其次分析了高空抛物案件多发的原因即高空抛、坠物区分难；收集证据难；司法证明难，指明了高空抛物案件调查的难点。最后以物证技术为切入点对高空抛物案件进行考量，提出相应的调查对策：辨析高空抛物、坠物；证明高空抛物案件，包括证明案件性质、证明高空抛物行为人、证明高空抛物行为人主观是否故意；高空抛物案件现场重建，包括分析地面现象，证明抛物地点；分析抛物现场，推测主观心态；分析空中轨迹， 还原抛物全貌。
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快递行业毒品犯罪侦查研究
Research on Investigation of Drug Crime in Express Industry
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- Keywords: Express delivery industry; Crime of the narcotics; Investigation快递业，毒品罪犯，侦查
- Abstract: With the rapid development of E-commerce, express industry becomes increasingly closely related to human’s manufacture and life. The express industry has brought convenience to residents’ lives and has greatly satisfied the requirements, such as convenience, safety, privacy. Simultaneously, the suspects also pay attention to the use of express industry in the new characteristics of the transport of goods, drugs and other contraband trade. It bring new problems to the criminal investigation of social management. In order to improve the efficiency of cracking down on such crimes and realize the improvement of investigation benefits and social effects, this paper probes into the difficulties in investigating drug-related crimes in the express industry and put forward some effective countermeasures by analyzing the express industry’s current situation and the characteristics of drugrelated crimes in the express industry随着电子商务的蓬勃发展，快递与人民群众的生产生活联系愈加紧密。快递业给居民生活带来了便利，极大满足了人对物在运输中便捷、安全、私密等要求。同时，犯罪嫌疑人也注意利用快递行业在物品运输的全新特点，进行毒品等违禁品的交易，这给社会管理带来了新问题，也给刑事侦查带来了新挑战。本文通过分析快递行业现状及快递领域毒品犯罪的特点，探讨快递业毒品犯罪中的侦查难点，并提出一些行之有效的对策，以期提高打击此类犯罪的效率，实现侦查效益与社会效益的提升。
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人工智能时代情状鉴定的本土化
Localization of Situation Identification in Artificial Intelligence Era
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- Keywords: Subjective; Situation identification; Artificial intelligence; Chinese characteristics主观; 情状鉴定; 人工智能; 中国特色
- Abstract: The difficulty of "subjective" identification and lack of evidence have plagued the judicial circle for a long time. It is the focus of finding out the truth, and it is also the difficulty in finding out the truth. Many difficult cases, unjust, false, and wrong cases were caused by their vagueness. For this reason, a method and means to solve the "subjective" problem is urgently needed. Situation appraisal, as a special kind of appraisal in Japan, focuses on the subjective elements of the parties and is an effective way to solve the "subjective" problem. However, this identification method has many problems in current practice and cannot be promoted. At the time when the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and artificial intelligence technology are booming, situation identification is expected to take root and sprout under the soil of China combined with artificial intelligence technology to better solve "subjective" identification, evidence issues and other issues.摘要：“主观”认定困难，缺少证据证明等问题困扰着司法界许久，是查明真相的重点，亦是查明真相的难点。多起疑难案件、冤假错案就是因其“主观”模糊而造成的。为此，亟须一种解决“主观”问题的方法手段。情状鉴定，作为日本的一种特殊的鉴定种类，重点关注当事人的主观因素，是解决“主观”问题的有效方式。可是该鉴定方式在目前实践中存在许多问题，无法推广。洽逢中国特色社会主义制度和人工智能技术蓬勃发展的时代，情状鉴定有望结合人工智能技术在中国的土壤下生根发芽，更好地解决“主观”认定、证据问题及其他问题。
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