中学生心理健康现状与心理服务需求调查研究——以四川阿坝州某中学为例
A Survey on the Current State of Mental Health and Psychological Service Needs of Middle School Students —Taking a Middle School in Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province as an Example
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- Keywords: Teenagers; Psychological health; Psychological service needs青少年; 心理健康; 心理服务需求
- Abstract: Objective: To conduct a mental health survey and a survey on the demand for mental healthservices at different levels among middle school students in Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, in orderto provide reference for promoting the mental health growth of local adolescents and more effectiveimplementation of mental health services. Method: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 600middle school students using the Mental Health Scale for Middle School Students (MSSMHS) and theAdolescent Mental Health Service Needs Questionnaire (AMHSNQ). The detection rate of psychologicalproblems was 68.35%, and the total detection rate of moderate and above psychological problems was21.60%. (2) The total average score of psychological health service needs for middle school studentsreached 2.38 points, with girls having slightly higher overall average scores. There are significant genderdifferences in service attitudes and content; (3) There are significant differences in non professionalservices, service attitudes, approaches, and service content among middle school students of differentgrades. Conclusion (1) The mental health problems of middle school students mainly focus on academicpressure, emotional instability, and anxiety; (2) Middle school students generally hope to receive mentalhealth services, with the most urgent demand for service content, followed by service methods andapproaches. Female students prefer to receive mental health services. (3) The demand for non professionalmental health services among second year high school students is higher than that of other grades, whilethe demand for service attitude, methods, and content among first year high school students is higherthan that of other grades. The second grade of junior high school has lower service needs than othergrades in all aspects.目的：通过对四川阿坝州地区中学生进行心理健康普查及不同层面的心理健康服务需求调查，从而为促进当地青少年的心理健康成长和更有效地开展心理健康服务工作提供参考。方法：采用中学生心理健康量表（MSSMHS）及青少年心理健康服务需求问卷（AMHSNQ）对调查中学600名学生进行了问卷调查。结果：（1）心理问题检出率为68.35%，中度及以上心理问题总检出率为21.60%；（2）中学生心理健康服务需求总均分达到2.38分，女生在心理健康服务需求的总均分上略高，服务态度和服务内容性别上存在显著差异；（3）不同年级中学生在非专业服务、服务态度、方式途径和服务内容存在显著差异。结论：（1）中学生的心理健康问题主要集中在学业压力、情绪不稳定和焦虑；（2）中学生普遍希望得到心理健康服务，对服务内容的需求最为迫切，其次是服务方式和途径。女性学生更希望得到心理健康服务；（3）高二学生对非专业心理健康服务的需求高于其他年级，而初一学生对服务态度、方式和内容的需求高于其他年级。初二年级在服务需求的所有方面都低于其他年级。
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科研立项
团体辅导模式下中学心理委员胜任力培训的效果研究
A Study on the Effect of Competency Training for Middle School Psychological Committee Members under Group Guidance Model
- Authors:
- Keywords: Group counseling; Competency training; Psychological committee member; Intervention团体辅导; 胜任力培训; 心理委员; 干预研究
- Abstract: In recent years, psychological crises of students in primary and secondary schools haveoccurred frequently, and the development trend of “higher visibility” and “younger age” has beenpresented. However, many full-time and part-time mental health teachers in primary and secondaryschools are lack of teachers and inadequate staffing, which has not been able to well radiate the mentalhealth education of students in the whole school, and it is difficult to meet the growing demand for mentalhealth services of students. In THIS context, our country has created THE psychological committeemember system with Chinese characteristics, with the purpose of making the working mechanismof mental health education in universities, middle schools and primary schools more comprehensiveand efficient. However, at present, psychological committee members still have difficulties such as lowidentity, insufficient professional knowledge, insufficient organizational ability, and low sense of workefficacy. Therefore, this study intends to design a set of group counseling intervention training programfor psychological committee members’ competency training, and evaluate the intervention effect of groupcounseling on the competency of middle school psychological committee members, so as to providecertain theoretical support and guidance for improving the mental health education in middle schooland the related research and intervention of psychological committee members. Methods: A total of 24psychological committee members from each class of a middle school were randomly assigned to theexperimental group and the control group, including 12 in the experimental group and 12 in the controlgroup. The experimental group received group counseling intervention training twice a week, while thecontrol group received no treatment. Results: Before the group counseling intervention training, there wasno significant difference in the indicators between the experimental group and the control group (p>0.05).After group counseling intervention training, the improvement level of all dimensions and total score ofpsychological committee competency scale in the experimental group was higher than that in the controlgroup. There were significant differences in teamwork, work attitude, professional knowledge and totalscore between the experimental group and the control group (p<0.05). There were significant differencesin the dimensions of self-cognition, group cooperation, personality traits, professional knowledge andtotal scores in the experimental group (p<0.05). Conclusion: As an effective form of psychologicalintervention, group counseling can effectively improve the competency level of middle school classpsychological committee members.近年来，大中小学学生心理危机事件频发，且呈现“能见度”走高、“低龄化”的发展趋势，然而诸多中小学校专兼职心理健康教师师资缺乏、配备不够，未能很好辐射全校学生心理健康教育工作，较难满足学生日益增长的心理健康服务需求。在此背景下，我国创造了极具中国特色的心理委员制度，目的是使大中小学心理健康教育的工作机制更加全面、高效。但目前，心理委员仍存在着身份认同度不高、专业知识不够、组织能力不足、工作效能感低下等困境。因此，本研究欲设计一套心理委员胜任力培训的团体辅导干预训练方案，并评估团体辅导对中学心理委员胜任力的干预效果，为完善中学心理健康教育工作以及心理委员的相关研究和干预提供一定的理论支持和指导。方法：将某中学初一至高三共24名心理委员平均随机分配为实验组和对照组，其中实验组12人，对照组12人，实验组接受每周两次团体辅导干预训练，对照组不接受任何处理，团体辅导干预训练开始前一周及结束后分别采用心理委员胜任力量表进行施测。结果：团体辅导干预训练前，实验组和对照组各指标间差异无统计学意义（p>0.05）。团体辅导干预训练后，实验组被试在心理委员胜任力量表各维度及总分上的提升水平均高于对照组，实验组和对照组在团队合作、工作态度、专业知识维度及总分上存在显著差异（p<0.05），实验组在自我认知、团体合作、性格特质、专业知识维度及总分上前后测数据间的差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）。结论：团体辅导作为一种有效的心理干预形式，可以有效提高中学班级心理委员的胜任力水平。
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科研立项
