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土壤和叶面施硒对淮山硒累积的对比研究

Comparative Study about Selenium Accumulation of Chinese Yam with Root and Foliar Selenium Application

Advance in Agriculture Science / 2020,2(4): 134-148  / 2020-09-17 852 821

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• Authors: 宋佳平¹² 张泽洲² 曹升³ 陈清清²⁴ 鲁亚普² 尹雪斌¹² 严华兵³ 王张民²*
• Information:

  1．中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院，合肥；
  2．苏州硒谷科技有限公司江苏省硒生物工程技术研究中心，苏州；
  3．广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所，南宁；
  4．宜春学院，宜春

• Keywords:
  Chinese yam; Selenium fertilizer; Root fertilization; Foliar fertilization; Selenium biofortification
  淮山; 硒肥; 根部施肥; 叶面施肥; 硒生物营养强化
• Abstract: To explore the economical and efficient selenium biofortification technology for Chinese yam, a selenium biofortification field experiment of “Gui-Huai 7” and “Ziyu Huai Shan” was carried out in Ganxu Town, Wuming County, Nanning. At the early stage，expansion stage and maturity stage of tuber formation, different amounts of selenium was applied by root and foliar fertilization to two varieties of Chinese yam to study the effects of variety, fertilization method, time and amount on selenium accumulation of Chinese yam. The results showed that the biofortification effect of lower root selenium fertilization in early stage of tuber formation was the best in the experiment. The selenium content in Chinese yam was up to 193.4 ± 21.3 μg/kg, which was 4.5 times that of the control group. The biofortification effect of higher foliar selenium fertilization in early stage of tuber formation was the best. The selenium content of Chinese yam was up to 285.4±39.9 μg/kg, which was 6.6 times higher than the control group. Different variety of Chinese yam had different selenium accumulation effects under the same treatment. The optimal fertilization time was the early stage of tuber formation in both foliar and root fertilization. It is feasible to realize selenium biofortification by foliar fertilization and root fertilization, however, the biofortification effect of foliar fertilization is better than root fertilization. 为探究经济高效的淮山硒生物营养强化技术，采用大田试验方法，在南宁市武鸣县甘圩镇针对“桂淮 7 号”和“紫玉淮山”两个品种进行硒生物营养强化试验。分别在淮山块茎初期、膨大期和成熟期，通过根施和叶施不同量硒肥，研究淮山品种、施肥方式、施肥时期以及施肥量对淮山硒含量的影响。结果表明，块茎初期根施低硒效果最好，淮山硒含量可达 193.4±21.3 μg/kg，为对照组硒含量的 4.5 倍；块茎初期叶施高硒效果最好，淮山硒含量可达 285.4±39.9 μg/kg，为对照组硒含量的 6.6 倍。不同品种淮山在相同施肥处理下硒营养强化效果有差异；无论是根施或叶施，最优硒生物营养强化时期均为淮山块茎初期；根施和叶施都能实现淮山硒生物营养强化，但是叶面施肥强化效果优于根施。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/aas.0204017
• Cite: 宋佳平，张泽洲，曹升，等．土壤和叶面施硒对淮山硒累积的对比研究［J］．农业科学进展， 2020，2（4）：134-148．