国际中文开源期刊平台

中国水稻高产栽培技术创新与实践的成功经验和稻作技术发展趋势

Successful Experience of Innovation and Practice of High Yield Rice Cultivation Technology and Development Trend of Rice Cultivation Technology in China

农业科学进展 / 2021,3(3)：116-124 / 2021-09-14 411 395

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• 作者： 王安平     
• 单位：

  华中农业大学资源与环境学院，武汉

• 关键词： 水稻；高产；株型；栽培；技术
• Rice; High yield; Plant type; Cultivation; Technology
• 摘要： 水稻是中国主要粮食作物，也是单产最高的粮食作物。文章利用中国农业统计年鉴数据和国内外文献资料，分析了中国水稻高产栽培技术创新与实践的成功经验、存在问题和稻作技术发展趋势。探讨了中国水稻生产经历的 4 个阶段的特点，良种良法配套对水稻增产的贡献，不同阶段创新的稻作技术；简述了全球水稻栽培技术发展的特点；回顾了中国矮秆品种、杂交稻及超级稻品种更替及其配套栽培技术创新；剖析了水稻高产栽培存在的新问题；对水稻高产栽培技术的未来发展进行了展望。创新与品种生育特性配套的水稻种植制度、生产模式和环境协调的栽培技术，发挥品种产量潜力和应用，可以实现增产增效，促进水稻产业发展，改善生态环境和提高资源利用效益。
• Rice is the main grain crop in China, and also has the highest yield per unit area. In this paper, the successful experience, existing problems and development trend of high yield rice cultivation techniques in China were analyzed based on the data of Chinese agricultural statistical yearbook and literature at home and abroad. The characteristics of the four stages of rice production in China, the contribution of the combination of good varieties and good methods to the increase of rice production, and the innovative rice cultivation techniques in different stages were discussed. The characteristics of the development of rice cultivation techniques in the world were summarized. The replacement of dwarf rice, hybrid rice and super rice varieties in China and the innovation of supporting cultivation techniques were reviewed. New problems existing in high yield cultivation of rice were analyzed. The future development of high yield rice cultivation technology was prospected. The innovation of rice planting system, production mode and cultivation technology coordinated with the growth characteristics of rice varieties, and the application of rice yield potential can realize the increase of yield and efficiency, promote the development of rice industry, improve the ecological environment and improve the utilization efficiency of resources.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/aas.0303015c
• 引用： 王安平．中国水稻高产栽培技术创新与实践的成功经验和稻作技术发展趋势［J］．农业科学进展， 2021，3（3）：116-124．