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大数据侦查中个人信息利用与保护的平衡

Balance Between the Utilization and Protection of Personal Information in Big Data Investigation

Criminal Justice Science & Governance / 2025,6(1): 37-48 / 2025-04-29 100 17

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• Authors: 刘琪娇
• Information:

  中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院，武汉

• Keywords:
  Big data; Utilization of personal information; Protection of personal information; Investigation
  大数据; 个人信息利用; 个人信息保护; 侦查
• Abstract: In the era of big data, massive amounts of data provide unprecedented opportunities for investigative work, but they also pose severe challenges to personal information protection. How to effectively utilize big data to improve investigation efficiency while safeguarding citizens' personal information security has become an urgent problem to be solved. Investigative agencies can quickly conduct identity verification and trajectory tracking, behavior pattern analysis and relationship network construction, crime tool tracing, and key population analysis by utilizing personal information. However, the comprehensive collection of personal information, the involvement of multiple parties, and information sharing pose hidden dangers and challenges to citizens' personal information security. The inadequate legal mechanisms, challenges posed by technological developments, and conceptual biases coupled with a lack of oversight have led to an imbalance between the protection and utilization of personal information. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen personal information protection from both legislative and practical perspectives, correct conceptual biases, improve legal mechanisms, regulate big data investigation, enhance personal information protection, and rationally use new technologies while improving oversight mechanisms, with the aim of striking a balance between the protection and utilization of personal information. 大数据时代，海量数据为侦查工作提供了前所未有的机遇，但同时也对个人信息保护提出了严峻挑战。如何在有效利用大数据提升侦查效率的同时，保障公民个人信息安全，成为亟待解决的难题。侦查机关利用个人信息可以快速进行身份识别和轨迹追踪、行为模式分析与关系网络构建、犯罪工具溯源与重点人群分析。但全量化收集个人信息、多方主体的介入，以及信息共享对公民的个人信息安全带来了隐患和挑战。法律机制的不健全、技术发展带来的挑战和观念偏差与监督缺失，导致了个人信息保护与利用失衡。因此，必须从立法层面和实践层面加强对个人信息保护，纠正观念偏差，完善法律机制，规制大数据侦查，加强个人信息保护，合理使用新技术与完善监督机制，以期寻求个人信息保护与利用的平衡。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/cjsg.0601005
• Cite: 刘琪娇．大数据侦查中个人信息利用与保护的平衡［J］．刑事司法科学与治理，2025，6（1）：37-48．