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盖亚象征的使用：假说、阴谋论和拒绝命名

The Use of Gaia: Hypothesis, Conspiracy and Refusal of Naming

语言学 / 2020,2(4)：335-343 / 2020-12-25 522 595

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• 作者： 武田田     
• 单位：

  北京林业大学，北京

• 关键词： 盖亚假说；女性主义新异教；生态女性主义
• The Gaia Hypothesis; The Feminist Wicca; Eco-feminism
• 摘要： 大气化学家詹姆斯·洛夫洛克提出了盖亚假说，认为地球环境是生物体共同作用的结果。诺贝尔文学奖获得者威廉·戈尔丁将此假说命名为“盖亚”，这一带有明显大母神痕迹的命名，使得盖亚假说在之后的三四十年间于人文领域里掀起了巨大反响。在宗教神学领域里，盖亚假说甚至令某些学者认为父权制是一个针对母权的巨大阴谋，并由此生发出了新的宗教——女性主义新异教。当代生态女性主义者欣赏盖亚象征的力度，却警惕其中暗含的性别刻板印象。人格化自然并对其进行指认的举动正是环境危机的心理动力之一，守护家园也许就该从停止命名自然开始。
• The atmosphere chemist James Lovelock became renowned for The Gaia Hypothesis he launched. According to the hypothesis, the natural environment is what it is thanks to a comprehensive effort by all the organisms on earth. The Nobel Prize winner, British novelist William Golding named this hypothesis “Gaia”, rendering it the power of giant mother gods in ancient mythology, resulting in a heated discussion over the hypothesis in the Humanities. In Theology, many scholars started to believe that patriarchy is a carefully fabricated conspiracy against matriarchy, and this belief led to a new religion, the Feminist Wicca. However, the contemporary eco-feminists appreciate the symbolic power of the name, but they become wary about the innate gender stereotypes. The personification and identification of nature is essentially one of the psychological drives that push environmental crisis forward. The first effort to protect the environment might be to stop naming the nature.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/lin.0204029
• 引用： 武田田．盖亚象征的使用：假说、阴谋论和拒绝命名［J］．语言学，2020，2（4）：335-343． https://doi.org/10.35534/lin.0204029