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快速伸缩复合训练对运动员线性速度影响的元分析

Effect of Plyometric Training on Sprint of Athletes: A Meta Analysis

Leisure Sports and Health / 2021,1(4): 36-41 / 2021-12-27 580 586

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• Authors: 李西金 刘仕彬 阮香君 李斌
• Information:

  湖北大学 体育学院，湖北 武汉 430062

• Keywords:
  Plyometric training; Athletes; Sprint; Meta-analysis
  快速伸缩复合训练; 运动员; 线性速度; 元分析
• Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of plyometric training on sprint, and to provide theoretical reference for plyometric training practice.Method: With CNKI, web of science and PubMed as the literature sources, the retrieval date is from January 1, 2000 to September 1, 2020, to search for the randomized controlled experiment about the influence of plyometric training on sprinter performance. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of the literature, and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis CMA3.0 software was used for metaanalysis. Result: Plyometric training can significantly improve the sprint performance of athletes（ES=-0.803,95%CI ［-0.98,-0.626］, P<0.001）Through the subgroup analysis of sprint performance, the plyometric training program of long-term (>8 weeks), sessions (>16 sessions) and 3 times / week is significantly better than other sports programs; meanwhile, the source country of literature and gender may be the source of heterogeneity. Conclusion: Plyometric training is an effective method to improve athletes’ linear speed. Its practice should follow the principle of specificity and select training methods for special projects. 目的：本文旨在探究快速伸缩复合训练对运动员线性速度的影响，为未来研究及练时间提供依据。方法：检索中国知网、Web of Science、PubMed 数据库中相关文献，检索日期为2000 年至2020 年8 月1 日，搜集快速伸缩复合训练对运动员线性速度影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。通过PEDro 量表对文献质量进行评估，应用Comprehensive Meta-Analysis CMA3.0 软件进行元分析。结果：快速伸缩复合训练与抗阻训练或一般替代训练相比较，对提高运动员线性速度具有更高的训练效益（ES=-0.803，95% CI［-0.98,-0.626］，p<0.001）。调节效应检验显示长期（>8 周）、多课次（>16 总课次）、3 次/ 周的训练计划显著优于其他运动方案。结论：快速伸缩复 合训练是提高运动员线性速度的有效方法，其实践应遵循特异性原则，针对专项特点，选择训练手段。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/lsh.0104007
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