国际中文开源期刊平台

近20年来我国竞技体育后备人才培养研究进展

Research Progress of Reserve Talents Training in Competitive Sports in Recent 20 Years

休闲运动与健康 / 2021,1(4)：72-79 / 2021-12-27 257 289

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• 作者： 何悦      汪威     
• 单位：

  湖北大学 体育学院，湖北 武汉 430062

• 关键词： 中国；竞技体育；后备人才；研究；综述
• China; Competitive sports; Reserve talent; Research; Review
• 摘要： 竞技体育后备人才是我国体育强国建设的关键。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法，对近20 年来我国竞技体育后备人才培养的现状、问题、对策三方面的研究成果进行梳理和总结。结果表明：（1）培养模式由体育系统独办转变为多元主体共同办；（2）对体制机制的研究较少，且对两者概念与关系模糊；（3）对国外成功经验的究主要集中在美、德、俄、法、日五个体育强国；（4）在培养过程中存在着培养体制落后、资金来源单一、后备人才萎缩、学训矛盾突出、竞赛秩序混乱、教练员水平偏低等问题；（5）发展对策大多是从宏观视角提出，过于空泛，可操作性、实效性有待进一步加强。展望：加强政策落实和理论研究；重视体教融合视域研究；研究重点由宏观向微观转变；强化多学科和跨部门的合作研究。
• Reserve talents in competitive sports are the key to the construction of a strong sports nation in China. Using literature, logical analysis and other research methods, the research results of the current situation, problems, and countermeasures of China’s competitive sports reserve talent cultivation in the past 20 years are combed and summarized. The results show that: (1) The training model has changed from being solely run by the sports system to being jointly run by multiple subjects; (2) There is little research on institutional mechanism, and the concept and relationship between the two are vague; (3) The research on successful experience abroad is mainly concentrated in the five sports powers of the United States, Germany, Russia, France and Japan; (4) In the training process, there are problems such as backward training system, single source of funds, shrinking reserve talents, prominent contradictions in learning and training, chaotic competition order, and low level of coaches; (5) Development strategies are mostly put forward from a macro perspective, which are too vague, and their operability and effectiveness need to be further strengthened. Prospect: Strengthen policy implementation and theoretical research; attach importance to research on the integration of sports and education; change the research focus from macro to micro; strengthen multi-disciplinary and cross-departmental cooperative research.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/lsh.0104013
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