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碳排放标准与碳税对企业减排及社会福利的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Carbon Emission Standard and Carbon Tax on Emission Reduction of Duopoly and Social Welfare

Progress in Social Sciences / 2025,7(1): 81-90 / 2025-02-19 115 136

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• Authors: 徐浩     
• Information:

  西南石油大学经济管理学院, 成都

• Keywords: Emission standard; Emission tax; Differential game; Social welfare; Pollution stock 碳排放标准；碳税；微分博弈；社会福利；污染容量
• Abstract: One of the key measures to control environmental problem is to implement the appropriate environmental policies. This paper establishes the differential game between regulator and duopoly under emission standard and emission tax to analysis the impact on total emissions and social welfare based on the market-based policy and command-and-control policies respectively. By comparing the impact of the two environmental policies on total carbon emissions and social welfare, we find that market-based environmental policy is not entirely superior to command-andcontrol environmental policy when considering the difference of market structure and the dynamic change of carbon emissions. The total carbon emission trajectory under the carbon emission standards is smaller than that under the carbon tax policy when certain conditions are satisfied. Meanwhile, the carbon tax policy has higher social welfare, and the above optimal decision will converge to a stable state. Therefore, in the case of duopoly market, carbon emission standards can quickly achieve the purpose of controlling the pollution, which is conducive to solving the ecological environment problems. But at the same time, there is a lack of efficiency which leads to the decline of social welfare. The government needs to use environmental strategies comprehensively according to the realities. 制定适当的环境政策是解决环境问题的关键措施之一，针对市场导向型与命令控制型两种环境政策对企业总排放及社会福利的影响，分别建立碳排放标准和碳税政策下的政府和双寡头企业Stackelberg微分博弈模型。通过对比两种环境政策对碳排放总量与社会福利等的影响发现，当考虑市场结构差异以及碳排放动态变化时，市场型环境策略并非完全优于命令控制型环境政策，当满足一定条件时，碳排放标准下的碳排放总量轨迹小于碳税政策下的碳排放量轨迹，但同时碳税政策具有更高的社会福利，并且上述最优决策都会收敛于稳定状态。因此，在双寡头市场情况下，碳排放标准能迅速达到控制和治理污染的目的，有利于解决生态环境问题，但同时存在效率缺失而导致社会福利的降低，政府需要根据实际实际情况综合运用环境策略。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0701015
• Cite: 徐浩．碳排放标准与碳税对企业减排及社会福利的影响研究［J］．社会科学进展，2025，7（1）：81-90.