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Progress in Social Sciences
ISSN Print: 2664-6943
ISSN Online: 2664-6951
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我国民事诉讼缺席审判的法律规制研究——基于比较德国、日本的分析
Research on the Legal Regulation of Default Judgment in Civil Litigation in China—Based on the Analysis of Germany and Japan
- Authors: 卢巧红
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Information:
上海政法学院研究生，上海
- Keywords: Default judgment; Legal regulation; Constructive admission; Comparative law 缺席审判；法律规制；拟制自认；比较法
- Abstract: Since the establishment of the civil default judgment system in our country, civil cases adjudicated by default have been increasing year by year. This system has played a significant role in resolving civil disputes. However, its application has also led to issues requiring regulation, including the provision that the plaintiff ’s absence can be treated as a withdrawal gradually evolving into a mandatory choice for judges in practice, the lack of reasonable legislative regulation regarding fact-finding in default trials, and the lack of conditions for the use of default judgments. This paper, through a comparative analysis of the different legal regulations concerning party absence in Germany and Japan and the specific provisions regarding the default judgment system in the civil procedure laws of these two countries, provides suggestions and improvements for the issues arising from party absence in civil litigation in our country at the present stage, in order to better safeguard the interests of the parties and the fairness and efficiency of judicial activities. 自我国民事缺席审判制度设立以来，经缺席审理的民事案件数量逐年递增，这项制度在解决民事纠纷上发挥了巨大作用，但在运用过程中也产生了需要规制的问题，包括原告缺席可以按撤诉处理这一规定逐步演变为实践过程中法官的“应当”选择、缺席审判过程中事实认定缺乏合理立法规制、缺席判决的使用条件缺乏的问题，本文在通过比较分析德国、日本两国对于当事人缺席时法律的不同规制以及两国民事诉讼法中对于缺席审判制度的具体规定，对我国现阶段民事诉讼当事人缺席时的问题加以建议和完善，以更好地维护当事人的利益和司法活动的公平与高效。
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0704051
- Cite: 卢巧红．我国民事诉讼缺席审判的法律规制研究——基于比较德国、日本的分析［J］．社会科学进展，2025，7（4）：291-295.
