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“银发资源”开发与乡村养老互助模式探索——基于时间银行制度的实践

“Silver Resources” Development and Exploration of Rural Mutual Aid Elderly Care Models —Based on the Practice of Time Bank Systems

Progress in Social Sciences / 2026,8(2): 92-96 / 2026-03-05 44 31

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• Authors: 左洲宇 李东建 黄嘉欣
• Information:

  安庆师范大学，安庆

• Keywords:
  Time bank; Mutual aid elderly care; Rural society; Elderly human resources; Localization path
  时间银行; 互助养老; 乡土社会; 老年人力资源; 本土化路径
• Abstract: Against the backdrop of an increasingly aging rural population in China and the dual failure of traditional elderly care models, the “Time Bank”—a mutual aid elderly care model that develops low-income elderly human resources through intergenerational service relay—is regarded as a potential pathway to solve rural elderly care challenges. This paper focuses on the practice of the “Time Bank” mutual aid model in rural areas, aiming to analyze the practical dilemmas it faces and propose optimization pathways. Research indicates that the “Time Bank,” originating in urban areas, encounters five major challenges when being embedded in rural societies: conflicts between the inherent logic of human feelings society and market-oriented operational rules; dual constraints of insufficient publicity coverage and lack of policy support; low professionalization of service teams and inadequate service supply capacity; and lagging information construction with poor digital adaptability. To address these issues, this paper proposes promoting a shift towards “affection points,” constructing a co-governance pattern with multi-stakeholder collaboration and multi-channel financing, establishing a tiered and categorized service supply system, and adopting a hybrid management model combining “online and offline” approaches. The “silver resources” referred to in this paper mainly denote the potential human capital possessed by the younger, healthy elderly population that can be utilized for participating in social services and mutual aid elderly care, specifically including intangible resources such as their idle time, labor capacity, life skills, social experience, and willingness for community participation. Through institutional arrangements like the “Time Bank,” these resources can be activated, stored, exchanged, and transferred intergenerationally, serving both the needs of the advanced elderly or disabled elderly and accumulating service capital for the younger elderly’s own future elderly care needs, thereby achieving the dual goals of “productive aging” and “ensured aging.” 在我国农村老龄化程度日益加深、传统养老模式面临双重失灵的背景下，“时间银行”作为一种通过代际服务接力以开发低龄老年人力资源的互助养老模式，被视为破解乡村养老难题的潜在路径。本文聚焦“时间银行”这一互助养老模式在乡村场域的实践，旨在分析其面临的现实困境并提出优化路径。研究表明，源于城市的“时间银行”在嵌入乡土社会过程中面临五大困境：人情社会的内在逻辑与市场化运行规则存在冲突；宣传覆盖不足与政策支持缺位的双重制约；服务队伍专业化水平低，服务供给能力不足；信息化建设滞后，数字化适配性不足。为此，本文提出应推动规则向“情义积分”转变，构建多元协同与多渠道筹资的共治格局，建立分层分类的服务供给体系，并采用“线上-线下”结合的混合管理模式。本文所称“银发资源”，主要指低龄健康老年群体所拥有的、可用于参与社会服务与互助养老的潜在人力资本，具体包括其闲置时间、劳动能力、生活技能、社会经验、社区参与意愿等非物质资源。通过“时间银行”等制度安排，这些资源得以被激活、储存、交换与代际传递，既服务于高龄或失能老人，也为低龄老人自身未来的养老需求积累服务资本，从而实现“老有所为”与“老有所养”的双重目标。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0802018
• Cite: 左洲宇，李东建，黄嘉欣．“银发资源”开发与乡村养老互助模式探索——基于时间银行制度的实践［J］．社会科学进展，2026，8（2）：92-96.