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当代西方社群主义的社会团结观及其现实启示

The Concept of Social Solidarity in Contemporary Western Communitarianism and Its Practical Implications

彭艺模

Progress in Social Sciences / 2026,8(7): 681-68 / 2026-08-03 5 1

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• Information:

  广西师范大学政治与公共管理学院，桂林

• Keywords:
  Communitarianism; Social solidarity; Chinese national community; National unity
  社群主义; 社会团结; 中华民族共同体; 民族团结
• Abstract: In the context of the spread of individualism and the loosening of social bonds, how to reshape social cohesion has become a common challenge faced by countries. The rise of communitarianism is not accidental; it directly responds to the social disorder and the decline of civic spirit in late 20th-century Western societies caused by an excessive emphasis on individual rights. Contemporary Western communitarianism begins by critiquing the ‘atomistic self ’ of liberalism and proposes a conception of social solidarity centered on the common good, membership, narrative identity theory, and reciprocal responsibilities. It thereby argues that individuals exist within social constructs and that upholding community values holds a priority position. Currently, our country is in a critical period of consolidating the consciousness of the Chinese national community, and this theory can provide unique reference and enlightenment for this purpose. This article clarifies the four core dimensions of the communitarian view of solidarity and discusses the conflicts and limitations within it. On this basis, it elaborates on its practical implications for China in promoting national unity and building a shared Chinese national community, focusing on aspects such as reinforcing a common cultural narrative, advocating reciprocal responsibilities, and resisting extreme individualism. The aim is to provide a theoretical reference for constructing a framework of social solidarity in China through critical absorption and reasonable adaptation. 在个人主义蔓延、社会纽带松动的时代背景之下，如何重塑社会团结成为各国面临的共同课题。社群主义的兴起并非偶然，它直接回应了20世纪后期西方社会因过度强调个人权利而导致的社会失序和公共精神的衰落。当代西方社群主义以批判自由主义的“原子式自我”为起点，提出了以共同善、成员资格、叙事认同理论和互惠责任为核心的社会团结观，以此来论证个体存在于社会建构之中，坚持共同体价值具有优先的地位。当前我国正处于铸牢中华民族共同体意识的关键时期，该理论能够为此提供独特的参照与启示。本文厘清社群主义团结观的四大核心维度，并讨论内部存在的冲突与局限，在此基础上，围绕强化共同文化叙事、倡导互惠责任、抵御极端个人主义等层面，论述其对中国促进民族团结、建设中华民族共同体的现实启示，旨在通过批判性吸收与合理借鉴，为我国构建社会团结格局提供理论参照。
• DOI: 10.35534/pss.0807116 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 彭艺模．当代西方社群主义的社会团结观及其现实启示［J］．社会科学进展，2026，8（7）：681-686.