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乒乓球战术规律发生作用时的条件对运动员的影响研究

Study on the Conditions when the Tactical Law of Table Tennis Works and its Influence on Athletes

中国体育研究 / 2022,4(2)：64-77 / 2022-06-01 322 410

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• 作者： 熊志超      廖锋      陈秀珠     
• 单位：

  锋恒国际体育有限公司，中国香港

• 关键词： 乒乓球竞技运动；衔接技术理论；条件分析法；叠加战术；结合战术
• Table tennis competitive sports; Cohesion technology theory; Conditional analysis; Overlay tactics; Combined tactics
• 摘要： 本研究旨在深入探讨乒乓球运动员在比赛中发挥出战术能力与战术规律发生作用时的条件是否存在关联。研究方法：以条件分析法对不同打法的现役世界冠军运动员传统技战术打法及衔接技术理论两个维度进行视频、案例诊断和实证分析，从中找出影响他们战术能力发挥的因素。研究结果发现，乒乓球战术规 律发生作用时的条件对极少数技巧型运动员几乎没有影响，主要原因是他们的打法和战术意识与衔接技术意识有相似之处，因此他们在比赛中战术能力的发挥与衔接技术意识存在关联，是目前最接近“40+”新时代技战术均衡打法要求之人；而大多数尤其是力量型的运动员缺乏衔接技术意识，战术规律发生作用时的条件对其影响颇大，因此他们在比赛中战术能力的发挥与衔接技术意识不存在关联。研究结论：衔接技术是提高乒乓球运动员战术能力的关键，也是战术的理论基础，更是战术规律发生作用时的主要条件和专业鉴定运动员是否有战术意识的科学方法，运动员只有掌握了衔接技术，战术的使用才能水到渠成。
• The purpose of this study is to deeply explore whether there is a correlation between the conditions when table tennis players play the role of tactical ability and tactical law in the competition. Research methods: video, case diagnosis and empirical analysis were conducted on the two dimensions of traditional technical and tactical playing methods and connecting technique theory of active world champion athletes with different playing methods by conditional analysis, find out the factors that affect their tactical ability. The results show that the conditions under which the tactical law of table tennis works have little effect on a very small number of dexterous athletes, The main reason is that their playing methods and tactical awareness are similar to their connecting technique awareness, Therefore, their tactical ability in the game is related to the connection of connecting technique consciousness, and they are the people who are closest to the requirements of balanced technical and tactical play in the “40+” new era; Most of the athletes, especially the strength athletes, lack the sense of connecting technique, and the conditions when the tactical law works have a great impact on them. Therefore, there is no correlation between the exertion of their tactical ability and the sense of connecting technique in the competition. Research conclusion: connecting technique is not only the key to improve the tactical ability of table tennis players, but also the theoretical basis of tactics. It is also the main condition for the action of tactical laws and the scientific method for professional identification of whether athletes have tactical consciousness, only when athletes master the connecting technique can the use of tactics come naturally.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/scps.0402007
• 引用： 熊志超，廖锋，陈秀珠．乒乓球战术规律发生作用时的条件对运动员的影响研究［J］．中国体育研究，2022，4（2）：64-77．