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优化青少年休闲骑行体验：不同踩踏频率对能量消耗效率与主观疲劳感知的影响实验

Optimizing the Adolescent Leisure Cycling Experience: An Experiment on the Effects of Different Cadence on Energy Expenditure Efficiency and Perceived Exertion

Study on China Physical Science / 2025,7(3): 189-194 / 2025-08-29 17 15

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• Authors: 曹志凯 赵轩 彭金博
• Information:

  江汉大学，武汉

• Keywords:
  Adolescent leisure cyclists; Energy expenditure efficiency; Perceived exertion; Cadence
  青少年休闲骑行者; 能量消耗效率; 疲劳感; 踏频
• Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different cadence ranges on energy expenditure efficiency and perceived exertion among adolescent leisure cyclists. A randomized controlled trial was designed, involving 24 healthy adolescents aged 13–18, who were randomly assigned to three groups: Experimental Group 1 (fixed cadence of 70–85 rpm), Experimental Group 2 (fixed cadence of 85–100 rpm), and a Control Group (free-choice cadence). All participants underwent a 6-week intervention, performing stationary bike training 2–3 times per week for 30 minutes each session. Before and after the intervention, cycling efficiency was assessed by the distance covered within the same duration, physiological load was reflected by steady-state heart rate, and subjective fatigue was evaluated using the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. Intra-group and inter-group comparisons were conducted. The results showed that Experimental Group 1 demonstrated the most significant improvements in cycling efficiency (largest increase, d=0.57), reduction in physiological load (most notable decrease in heart rate, d=0.92), and enhancement in perceived exertion (largest reduction in RPE, d=1.77), with effects significantly superior to those of Experimental Group 2 and the Control Group. The study indicates that for adolescent leisure cyclists, a moderate cadence range of 70–85 rpm, compared to higher cadences or free-choice cadence, can more effectively improve cycling efficiency, reduce physiological load, and significantly enhance subjective fatigue experience, thereby contributing to an optimized cycling experience and encouraging long-term participation. This study was limited to a laboratory setting; future research may further validate these findings under outdoor complex conditions and regarding long-term health benefits. 本研究旨在探究不同踏频范围对青少年休闲骑行者能量消耗效率及主观疲劳感知的影响。采用随机对照实验设计，纳入24名13～18岁健康青少年，随机分为三组：实验组1（固定踏频70-85rpm）、实验组2（固定踏频85-100rpm）及对照组（自由踏频）。所有受试者均接受为期6周的干预，每周进行2~3次、每次30分钟的固定骑行台训练。干预前后，以相同时间内的骑行距离评估骑行效率，以心率稳态值反映生理负荷，采用RPE量表评定主观疲劳感，并进行组内及组间比较。结果显示，实验组1在骑行效率提升（增幅最大，d=0.57）、生理负荷降低（心率下降最显著，d=0.92）及主观疲劳感知改善（RPE降幅最大，d=1.77）方面均表现最优，且效果显著优于实验组2与对照组。研究表明，对于青少年休闲骑行者，70-85rpm的中等踏频范围相较于更高踏频或自由选择踏频，可更有效提升骑行效率、降低生理负荷，并显著改善主观疲劳体验，有助于优化骑行体验并鼓励长期参与。本研究局限于实验室环境，未来可进一步验证户外复杂条件及长期健康效益的影响。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/scps.0703028
• Cite: 曹志凯．优化青少年休闲骑行体验：不同踩踏频率对能量消耗效率与主观疲劳感知的影响实验［J］．中国体育研究，2025，7（3）：189-194.