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社会力量参与攀岩后备人才培养的实践路径研究——以经营性攀岩馆为例

Practical Pathways for Social Forces’ Participation in the Development of Rock Climbing Talent Pipelines: A Case Study of Commercial Climbing Gyms

魏功宇

Study on China Physical Science / 2026,8(2): 126-133 / 2026-06-30 18 12

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• Information:

  四川省射击射箭运动管理中心，成都

• Keywords:
  Social forces; Commercial climbing gyms; Rock climbing; Reserve talent
  社会力量; 经营性攀岩馆; 攀岩; 后备人才
• Abstract: Against the background of increasingly diversified actors in the cultivation of reserve talent for competitive sports, commercial climbing gyms, as one form of social force, have gradually become involved in youth rock climbing initiation, basic training, team development, and competition participation. To avoid reducing commercial climbing gyms to mere commercial training institutions, this study draws on survey data from four climbing gyms in Sichuan Province and adopts a typical case analysis method to examine their practical pathways for participating in the cultivation of reserve talent in rock climbing from the perspectives of facility investment, coach allocation, membership and trainee base, competition performance, and echelon development. The findings show that commercial climbing gyms have preliminarily formed a talent development chain consisting of interest initiation, basic training, technical improvement, team development, competition-based evaluation, and talent transfer. However, their operation is still constrained by commercial profit pressure, insufficient specificity in route-based training, relatively low professional levels among coaches, limitations of commercial space, inadequate teaching time and individualized guidance, and weak linkage between competition participation and talent transfer mechanisms. The study argues that the appropriate positioning of commercial climbing gyms is not to replace sports schools or professional teams, but to serve as early identification platforms and supplementary socialized training forces for the cultivation of reserve talent in rock climbing. In the future, the quality of commercial climbing gyms’ participation in reserve talent cultivation should be improved by clarifying their functional positioning, establishing hierarchical training standards, strengthening coach development, promoting gym–school collaboration, improving competition linkage mechanisms, and enhancing support from sports associations. 在竞技体育后备人才培养主体多元化的背景下，经营性攀岩馆作为社会力量之一逐渐进入青少年攀岩启蒙、基础训练、队伍建设和赛事参与过程。为避免将经营性攀岩馆简单理解为商业培训机构，本文基于四川省4家攀岩场馆调研资料，采用典型案例分析方法，从设施投入、教练员配置、会员与学员基础、竞赛成绩和梯队建设等方面考察其参与攀岩后备人才培养的实践路径。研究发现，经营性攀岩馆已经初步形成“兴趣启蒙、基础训练、技术提升、队伍建设、赛事检验、人才输送”的培养链条，但其运行仍受到商业盈利压力、线路训练针对性不足、教练员专业层级偏低、商业空间局限、教学时间与个体化指导不足、竞赛与输送机制衔接不够等因素制约。研究认为，经营性攀岩馆的合理定位不是替代体校或专业队，而是作为攀岩后备人才培养的早期发现平台和社会化训练补充力量。未来应通过明确功能定位、建立分层训练标准、加强教练员培养、推动馆校协同、完善赛事衔接和强化协会支持，提升经营性攀岩馆参与攀岩后备人才培养的质量。
• DOI: 10.35534/scps.0802019 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 魏功宇．社会力量参与攀岩后备人才培养的实践路径研究——以经营性攀岩馆为例［J］．中国体育研究，2026，8（2）：126-133.