电子数据取证的问题解构——基于刑事一体化的研究方法
Deconstructing the Problems of Digital Forensics — Based on the Research Method of Criminal Integration
- Authors:
- Keywords: Criminal Integration; Digital forensics; Forensics rules; Judicial procedural coherence刑事一体化; 电子数据取证; 取证规则; 程序衔接
- Abstract: The research method of Criminal Integration requires that the study of investigation be approached from three dimensions: In the investigation, outside the investigation and above the investigation. Specific to digital forensics, it means that while studying the activity of digital forensics itself, it is also necessary to take into account the requirements for digital forensics in other aspects of criminal justice activities and in the field of social life, as well as evaluating the issue of digital forensics from the perspective of the overall structure of the national society and its needs. At present, digital forensics exists, such as the poor connection between forensics and other judicial procedures, insufficient privacy protection, imperfect international criminal judicial assistance mechanism and many other problems, which restricts the quality of digital forensics and the legal effect of electronic data. Therefore, this paper, starting from the research method of Criminal Integration, respectively deconstructs and analyzes the current problems of digital forensics from three dimensions: in the investigation, outside the investigation, and above the investigation, and puts forward some regulation and measures, aiming at providing references to improve the norms and benefits of digital forensics.刑事一体化的研究方法要求在研究侦查时，从侦查之中、侦查之外、侦查之上三个维度来展开。具体到电子数据取证方面，则意味着在研究电子数据取证活动的本身的同时，还要兼顾其他刑事司法活动环节以及社会生活领域对电子数据取证的要求，以及从国家社会整体结构和需要的高度来评价电子数据取证的问题等方面。当前，电子数据取证存在着如取证与其他司法程序衔接不畅、隐私保护不足、国际刑事司法协助机制不完善等诸多问题，制约了电子数据取证工作的质量和电子数据的法律效力。因此，本文从刑事一体化的研究方法出发，分别从侦查之中、侦查之外、侦查之上对当前电子数据取证存在的问题进行解构和分析，并提出一些相应的规制与完善措施，旨在为提高电子数据取证的规范和效益提供参考。
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重点基金项目
物联网视域下警务人员取证困境的思考
Reflections on the Dilemma of Police Forensics from the Perspective of Internet of Things
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- Keywords: Electronic evidence; The Internet of things; Electronic data forensics; Intelligent investigation电子证据; 物联网; 电子数据取证; 智慧侦查
- Abstract: Since the implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the Internet of Things has developed rapidly and people have entered the era of “The Internet of everything”. Technology has changed the forensics environment, and the storage environment of electronic data has changed from terminal to cloud. Investigation and evidence collection is becoming “intelligent”, the scene of evidence collection is shifting from physical scene to virtual scene, and the center of evidence collection is shifting from physical trace to cloud trace. In addition to pay attention to the change itself, we must also pay attention to the people closely related to the change, that is, the main body of this paper-police officers. Under the Internet of things, the environment of evidence collection has changed, and investigators have also fallen into the dilemma of investigation and evidence collection. We urgently need to discuss the countermeasures of the dilemma of evidence collection. the author summarizes the dilemma of police forensics adaptation from five dimensions: forensics thinking, forensics mode, forensics condition, forensics scene and forensics process, and explores the methods of police officers to adapt to the dilemma of evidence collection.“十二五”规划出台以来，物联网迎来了蓬勃发展的春天，人们也走进了“万物互联”的时代，与此同时， 技术像一双无形之手，正捏塑与衍生出新的取证环境，电子数据的存储环境也由“终端”转向“云端”， 整个侦查取证活动向着“智能化”开始迈进，取证现场由实体现场转向虚拟现场，取证中心由实体痕迹转向云端痕迹，除了关注终端设备变化本身，重点必须关注取证的人，即本文的主体——警务人员。本 文将从取证思维、取证模式、取证条件、取证场景、取证程序五个维度总结警务人员取证困境，据此探寻破局之策。
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大数据利用对司法鉴定管理影响的研究
Research on Use of Big Data Influence Management of Judicial Identification
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- Keywords: Judicial identification; Information sharing; Big data; Management司法鉴定; 信息共享; 大数据; 管理
- Abstract: Big data integrated in the field of judicial identification can improve the efficiency and transparency of the judicial appraisal management, share the judicial identification techniques and innovate the new mode of the judicial identification for people. At the same time, it can be endowed with the judicial identification of the digital justice, promote the scientificity, openness and transparency of the judicial identification and effectively control repeated identification, identification based on personal desire and false identification. Of course, attention should also be paid to the confidential issues about the protection of the personal information and the intellectual property of institution when managing and sharing. In short, big data integrated to the judicial identification management can not only play an important part in exerting the huge potential of big data, improve the level of modernization of the department of judicial identification management, make embracing judicial big data come true, but also realize the information sharing and play an important role in the big data and the added value.大数据融入司法鉴定领域可以提高司法鉴定管理的效率，提升司法鉴定管理的透明度，共享司法鉴定技术与方法，创新司法鉴定为民的新模式，同时也能赋能司法鉴定的“数字正义”，推动司法鉴定的科学性、公正性及透明性，有效地控制重复鉴定、人情鉴定以及错误鉴定。当然也注意管理与共享时注意个人信息保护与机构知识产权的保密问题。总之，大数据融入司法鉴定管理不仅能发挥运用大数据蕴藏的巨大潜能，提升司法鉴定管理部门工作现代化水平，主动拥抱司法大数据的“大动作”中成为现实，而且实现信息共享，发挥大数据自身以及附加价值。
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探索我国司法鉴定制度改革的深水区及路径 ——中美日司法鉴定制度比较研究为视角
Exploring the Reform of Predicament and Path About China's Judicial Authentical System —— From the perspective of comparative study of Chinese, American and Japanese
- Authors:
- Keywords: Judicial authentication; Identification standard; Admissibility of evidence; Comparative study司法鉴定; 技术标准; 采信 比较研究
- Abstract: Throughout the course of the reform of China's judicial authentical system, the promulgation of the "Decision on The Management of Judicial Expertise" in 2005 was of landmark significance, and now the reform has been pushed to a critical juncture. Under the background of The 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road internationalization, China's judicial authentical system is faced with a series of problems, such as the substantialization of trial center and the intellectualization of expertise management. The reform of the judicial expertise system has entered the deep water zone, and problems such as the internationalization of technical standards, Standardization of the identification procedure, the balance of the right to initiate judicial expertise, the enhancement of cross-examination, the guarantee of the rights of judicial appraisers, and the share of judicial authentication data are waiting for us to solve From the perspective of the comparative study of the judicial expertise system between China, The United States and Japan, the author explored the reform path of the above problems by referring to the experience of other countries, in order to meet people’s needs of the growing scientific, impartial judicial authentication.2005年《关于司法鉴定管理问题的决定》的颁布具有里程碑意义。纵观我国司法鉴定制度改革历程，如今改革已推至十字路口。而新时代司法鉴定制度又面临着一带一路的国际化，庭审中心的实质化、鉴定管理的智慧化等一系列新问题，司法鉴定制度改革已经进入深水区。如何趟过深水区中技术标准国际化、检测流程手册化、启动权均衡化、采信质证化、鉴定人权利保障化、鉴定数据共享化等方面的险滩暗礁，笔者以中美日司法鉴定制度比较研究为视角，借他山之石来探索这些问题的改革路径，以满足人民对日益增长科学、公正司法鉴定的需要。
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大数据时代司法透明研究的现状及完善路径 ——以社科院司法透明度指数报告为视角
A Research on the Status and Perfecting Way of Judicial Transparency in Big Data Era -In the Sight of CASS’ Judicial Transparency Index Report
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- Keywords: Judicial transparency; Indicator system; Comprehensive evaluation method司法透明; 指标体系; 综合评价方法
- Abstract: People’s Courts strive to make people feel fairness and justice in every judicial case. It means fairness and justice should not only be realized but also be perceived by the clients and the public in a visible and sensible way. Research on judicial transparency refers to a creative way to promote the perceptibility of judicial activities by the form of indexation, which can provide a totally new perspective for strengthening judicial supervision and make the people acknowledge and trust in judicial adjudication.努力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义。感受到公平正义意味着不仅要 实现司法活动的公平和正义，还要使当事人和公众能够以“看得见”“感受得到”的方式感知， 而司法透明研究就是通过“指数化”形式提高司法透明情况的可感性，为加强司法监督提供一 个全新视角，是提升司法活动情况可感度的一种方法创新，这将助力司法公开公正，从而让人 民群众认同和信任司法审判。
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综述
