“双减”政策背景下青少年体育培训机构发展困境及应对举措
The Dilemma and Countermeasures of Youth Sport Training Institutions in the Context of the “Double Reduction” Policy
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- Keywords: The “double reduction” policy; Youth sports training institutions; Development dilemma“双减”政策; 青少年体育培训机构; 发展困境
- Abstract: The implementation of the “double reduction” policy is a product of China’s vigorous reform of theeducation mechanism in recent years. It provides systematic guidance for the increase in student learning load and thedecline in physical health, the explosive spread of off campus training institutions, the chaotic market developmenttrend, and the growing learning needs of students. This article adopts literature review and logical analysis methodsto analyze the development challenges faced by youth sports training institutions under the “double reduction” policy,and proposes corresponding measures. Research suggests that the development of youth sports training institutionsis limited by insufficient venues and teaching staff, poor teaching quality, unclear management personnel, andinadequate policy support for the governance of the institutions. Research suggestion: Institutions should strengtheninternal management, ensure the conditions of venues and teaching staff, improve teaching quality, and build anexternal governance system to provide policy support.“双减”政策的实施是顺应近年来我国大力改革教育机制的产物。它为学生学习负荷的增加、身体健康状况的下降、校外培训机构的爆发式蔓延、混乱的市场发展态势和学生日益增长的学习需求提供了系统的指导。本文采用文献法和逻辑分析方法，分析了青年体育培训机构在“双减”政策下面临的发展挑战，并提出了应对举措。研究认为：青少年体育培训机构场地和师资不足、教学质量较差、管理人员以及对于机构的治理主体不明晰、政策支持不够全面等方面限制了其发展。研究建议：强化机构内部管理，保障场地和师资条件，提升教学质量，同时构建外部治理体系，并提供政策支持。
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父母冲突解决和青年女性生育意愿的关系研究
A Study on The Relashionship Between Parental Conflict Resolution and Young Women’s Reproductive Intention
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- Keywords: TDIB model; Active reproductive motivation; Fertility intention; Conflict resolution; Family system theoryTDIB模型; 积极生育动机; 生育意愿; 冲突解决; 家庭系统理论
- Abstract: In order to explore the influencing mechanism of fertility intention at the family level, 426young women of childbearing age between 18 and 35 years old were investigated by questionnaire basedon family system theory and TDIB fertility sequence model. The results showed that: (1) Parental conflictresolution was negatively correlated with young women’s fertility intention, but the direct predictioneffect was not significant; (2) The happiness of pregnancy, childbirth and infancy and the satisfaction ofparenting in positive reproductive motivation play a complete mediating role between parental conflictresolution and young women’s reproductive intention; Traditional parent-child relationship, feelingneeded and connected, and children’s instrumental value have no significant mediating effect betweenparents’ conflict resolution and young women’s reproductive intention. Therefore, parental conflictresolution affects young women’s reproductive intention through positive reproductive motivation.为从家庭层面探讨生育意愿的影响机制，基于家庭系统理论和TDIB生育序列模型，采用问卷法对426名18～35岁育龄青年女性进行调查。结果表明：（1）父母冲突解决与青年女性生育意愿呈显著负相关，但直接预测作用不显著；（2）积极生育动机中怀孕、分娩和婴儿期的快乐和养育子女的满意度在父母冲突解决和青年女性生育意愿之间起完全中介作用；传统亲子关系、感觉被需要和联系和儿童的工具价值在父母冲突解决和青年女性生育意愿之间的中介效应不显著。研究从家庭出发，基于TDIB模型探索生育动机与生育意愿间的内在影响因素，并引入积极生育动机作为中介变量，发现父母冲突解决通过积极生育动机影响青年女性的生育意愿。
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科研立项
浅析健身气功锻炼对中老年女性心血管机能的影响
Analysis of the Effect of Fitness Qigong Exercise on Cardiovascular Function of Middle-aged and Elderly Women
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- Keywords: Wuqinxi; Liuzijue; The blood pressure; The pulse wave velocity; The ankle brachial index五禽戏; 六字诀; 血压; 脉搏波传导速度; 踝臂指数
- Abstract: Objiective: The influence of the middle-aged women indicators on the cardiovascular function of by observating the fitness Qigong Wuqinxi, and Liuzijue exercising in order to find better suited to development elderly women cardiovascular exercises as well as the sensitive indicators of evaluation. Methods: The human subjects of 44 women with fitness Qigong Wuqinxi, Liuzijue exercises, the intervention time for 6 months, in order to observe the change of BP, STI, PWV, limb ABI index of the subjects before the intervention and after the 6 months intervention. The method of statistical data is paired samples T test in groups comparing, it is the analysis of variance among groups comparing, it is the x² test of the percentage, it is p<0.05 as the significant difference level. Results: (1) after 6 months of intervention, the left and the right upper limb systolic pressure (SBP) of the Wuqinxi Group was significantly decreased (p<0.05), the left and he right lower limb SBP, DBP, MAP of the Wuqinxi Group were decreased (p<0.05) ; The SBP, DBP, MAP of the Liuzijue Group were decreased (p<0.05). (2) The ejection index (ET/PEP) was significantly increased (p<0.05) after 6 months intervention of fitness Qigong Wuqinxi and Liuzijue; (3) After the intervention of 6 months of fitness Qigong Wuqinxi, the left brachial ankle artery pulse wave velocity (LbaPWV), the heart to the right ankle the pulse wave velocity (RhbaPWV), the heart to the left ankle pulse wave velocity (LhbaPWV) were significantly decreased (p<0.05); the RhbPWV, RbaPWV, LbaPWV, RhbaPWV, LhbaPWV was decreased (p<0.05) in Liuzijue Group. Conclusions: It is suit to Health Qigong Wuqinxi and Liuzijue exercise for improving the cardiovascular function of elderly women, for the cardiovascular function development of the elderly women, the Wuqinxi exercise is better than the Liuzijue exercise. 目的：通过观察健身气功（五禽戏、六字诀）锻炼对中老年人心血管机能等指标的影响，旨在寻找更好的适合中老年女子发展心血管机能的锻炼方法。方法：以44名中老年女性为受试对象，进行五禽戏、六字诀功法锻炼6个月， 观察受试者干预前、干预6个月后四肢BP、STI、PWV、ABI等指标变化，数据统计组内前后比较用配对样本T检验，组间比较用方差分析，百分比检验用x²检验，以p<0.05为差异显著性水平。结果：（1）经过6个月干预后，五禽戏组左、右上肢收缩压（SBP）均显著下降（p<0.05），左、右下肢 SBP、DBP、MAP均下降（p<0.05）；六字诀组四肢SBP、DBP、MAP均有下降趋势（p>0.05）。（2）经过6个月健身气功干预后，五禽戏组、六字诀组射血指数（ET/PEP）均显著增加（p<0.05）；（3）经过6个月健身气功干预后，五禽戏组左侧肱踝动脉脉搏波传导速度（LbaPWV）、心到右踝脉搏波传导速度（RhbaPWV）、心到左踝脉搏波传导速度（LhbaPWV）均显著降低（p<0.05）；六字诀组RhbPWV、RbaPWV、LbaPWV、RhbaPWV、LhbaPWV均有下降趋势（p>0.05）。结论：五禽戏、六字诀锻炼对中老年女性心血管机能均有良好的改善作用，五禽戏锻炼对发展中老年女性心血管机能优于六字诀锻炼。
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