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家庭资本对农村学生学业成绩的影响及政策启示——基于寄宿选择的中介效应

The Influence of Family Capital on Academic Achievement of Rural Students and its Policy Implications —Based on the Mediating Effect of Boarding Choice

Education Study / 2023,5(1): 1-10 / 2023-02-09 1038 399

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• Authors: 杨国光¹      苏恩民²     
• Information:

  1．陕西师范大学，西安； 
  2．同济大学，上海
  

• Keywords: Transfer students; Boarding style; Household capital; Academic performance; Mediating effect 转学学生；寄宿方式；家庭资本；学业成绩；中介效应
• Abstract: Under the background of urbanization, a large number of rural students choose to study and board in urban schools due to the multiple impacts of population mobility in rural areas and the difference in the quality of education in urban and rural schools. However, influenced by factors such as family capital level and boarding choice, rural students’ academic performance presents differences, reflecting the uneven quality of educational outcomes. Therefore, based on the perspective of family capital theory and combined with the data of China’s education tracking survey, this study uses structural equation model to deeply analyze the mechanism of family capital’s influence on rural students’ academic performance under the mediating effect of boarding choice. It is found that on the one hand, family capital has a significant impact on rural students’ academic performance directly; on the other hand, family social capital and family cultural capital have the most significant impact on rural students’ academic performance by influencing their choice of boarding. Furthermore, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of improving the cultural capital of rural families and the quality of boarding schools. 由于城镇化背景下乡城人口流动以及城乡学校教育质量差异的多重影响，大量农村学生选择到城镇学校就读并在校寄宿。然而，受到家庭资本水平、寄宿选择等因素的影响，农村学生学业表现呈现出差异，反映出教育结果质量的不均衡。由此，研究基于家庭资本理论视角，结合中国教育追踪调查数据，采用结构方程模型对寄宿选择中介效应下家庭资本对乡村学生学业成绩的影响机制进行深入剖析。研究发现，家庭资本一方面会直接对乡村学生学业成绩产生显著影响，另一方面会通过影响学生寄宿选择而影响其学业成绩，其中家庭社会资本和家庭文化资本影响最为显著。进而，研究从提升农村家庭文化资本和寄宿制学校办学质量等方面提出对策建议。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/es.0501001
• Cite: 杨国光，苏恩民．家庭资本对农村学生学业成绩的影响及政策启示——基于寄宿选择的中介效应［J］．教育研讨，2023，5（1）：1-10．