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基于项目反应理论的项目功能差异检测方法：现状与挑战

The Detection Methods of Differential Item Functioning Based on the IRT Framework: Research Status and Challenges

Psychology of China / 2019,1(8): 537-555 / 2019-10-11 6416 10559

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• Authors: 尹昊*      郭嘉程      赵何钧      刘志炜     
• Information:

  曲阜师范大学教育学院心理学系，曲阜

• Keywords: Item response theory; Differential item functioning; DIF detection methods 项目反应理论；项目功能差异；DIF 检测方法
• Abstract: Detecting and eliminating differential item functioning(DIF) is of great importance for test fairness and validity in educational and psychological measurements. Therefore, research of DIF detection methods has been relativelyactive. However, previous studies mainly focused on the models for development and application under a single situation as well as the comparison of DIF detection methods. DIF detection methods for different test types and educational situations have been uncompleted. Moreover, the research on the explanation of the source of DIF is still lacking. In this study, within the framework of item response theory, the principle of DIF detection methods is specifically introduced from two aspects of parameter and non-parameter, and the applicable conditions of various methods are carefully elaborated. Meanwhile, the status and latest progress of DIF detection methods are summarized. Finally, the limitations in the DIF detection methods are put forward, along with several primary perspectives, in order to assist researchers further research. 在教育和心理测试中，检测和消除项目功能差异（Differential Item Functioning，DIF）对于测验的公平性和有效性具有重要意义。因此，DIF检测方法的研究态势一直比较活跃，但是以往研究主要集中在单一情境下的模型开发和应用以及各种方法的比较上，不同测验类型和测验情境的DIF检测方法尚未完善，对DIF来源进行合理解释的研究仍然缺乏。本文在项目反应理论框架下，从参数和非参数两个方面具体介绍DIF检测方法的原理及适用条件，阐述了国内外DIF检测方法的研究现状和最新进展，对当前研究所面临的问题和未来研究的发展趋势提出建议和展望，以期对研究者后续研究有所助益。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0108034
• Cite: 尹昊，郭嘉程，赵何钧，等．基于项目反应理论的项目功能差异检测方法：现状与挑战［J］．中国心理学前沿，2019，1（8）：537-555．
  https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0108034