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手机冷落行为影响共情准确性的实验研究

An Experimental Study on the Influence of Phubbing on Empathy Accuracy

Psychology of China / 2022,4(3): 371-377 / 2022-04-02 467 629

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• Authors: 黄世奎     
• Information:

  广西师范大学，桂林

• Keywords: Phubbing; Empathy accuracy; The self to other model of empathy 手机冷落行为；共情准确性；共情的自我—他人模型
• Abstract: Based on the self to other model of empathy, this study investigates the influence of phubbing on empathy accuracy through experiments, and explores the role of gender in this relationship. In the experiment, phubbing was manipulated by phubbing video, and the empathy accuracy was measured by the task named Reading the Mind in the Eyes. The results showed that the score of empathy accuracy of the subjects without mobile phone group (M=30.80, SD=2.34) was significantly higher than that of the group with partial use of mobile phone (M=23.51, SD=3.86) and that of full use of mobile phone (M=15.21, SD=3.10), while the score of full use of mobile phone (M=15.21, SD=3.10) was significantly lower than that of partial use of mobile phone (M=23.51, SD=3.86).The results of regulation analysis showed that the main effect of phubbing degree was significant, F (2, 185) =514, p<0.001; the main effect of sex was significant, F(1, 185)=71.87, p<0.001; and the interaction between them was not significant, F (2, 185) = 1.66, p = 0.98. This results shows that the influence of phubbing on the accuracy of empathy is not regulated by gender. Besides, in interpersonal situations, the more phubbing behavior, the greater the impact on individuals’ accuracy empathy, and this effect has a cross-sexual consistency. 本研究基于共情的自我—他人模型，通过实验考察手机冷落行为对共情准确性的影响，并探究了性别在这一关系中的调节作用。实验通过视频对被试进行手机冷落行为操纵，并使用眼读心测验测量被试共情准确性。结果发现，在共情准确性得分上，无手机冷落组被试得分（M=30.80，SD=2.34）显著高于部分冷落组（M=23.51，SD=3.86），部分冷落组共情准确性得分显著高于完全冷落组（M=15.21，SD=3.10）。对被试共情准确性得分进行3（手机冷落程度：无冷落/ 部分冷落/ 完全冷落）×2（性别：男/ 女）两因素方差分析，发现手机冷落程度的主效应显著，F（2，185）=514，p<0.001；性别的主效应显著，F（1，185）=71.87，p<0.001；两者的交互作用不显著，F（2，185）=1.66，p=0.98。这表明手机冷落行 为对共情准确性的影响不受性别的调节。这表明，人际互动中个体感知到对方的冷落行为越多则个体自身的共情准确性越低，且这种影响具有跨性别的一致性。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0403047
• Cite: 黄世奎．手机冷落行为影响共情准确性的实验研究［J］．中国心理学前沿，2022，4（3）：371-377．