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基于认知行为疗法的聊天机器人对抑郁情绪的干预作用

The Effectiveness of a Chatbot-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression

中国心理学前沿 / 2022,4(9)：1009-1020 / 2022-09-23 217 293

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• 作者： 黄杏¹      吕浩¹      顾可瑜¹      罗新妮²     
• 单位：

  1．浙江连信科技有限公司（连信研究院），杭州；
  2．广州医科大学附属脑科医院，广州

• 关键词： 聊天机器人；数字干预；抑郁；认知行为疗法；人工智能
• Chatbot-delivered intervention; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Digital intervention; Depression; AI
• 摘要： 本研究旨在探究基于认知行为疗法的AI机器人PsyBot相较于一般干预方式的有效性，以及对不同严重程度抑郁的干预效果。网络招募并筛选未接受心理或药物治疗、无躯体疾病、无酗酒且无自杀风险的轻度至中重度抑郁被试共160名，随机分配到AI组和对照组，最终有效被试分别为71人和53人。AI组需在指定手机应用程序（Psybot APP）完成由机器人提供的7周CBT干预，对照组需在相同APP中完成每日记录心情和阅读科普。实验开始前和实验第3、5、7周均采用PHQ-9进行评估。结果显示：（1）干预第3周时，AI组PHQ-9分数相较于对照组下降幅度更大（p =0.056，d =0.35），且第5、7周尤为显著（p =0.01/p <0.001， d =0.47/0.53）；（2）两组PHQ-9得分在第7周时出现显著差异，AI组显著低于对照组（p < 0 . 0 5 ，d =-0.44）；（3）中度和中重度在第3、5、7周均显著低于基线（p <0.001，d >2），且在第7周相较于第3周再次显著降低，轻度被试干预前后的PHQ-9分数无显著差异；不同抑郁程度的分数下降幅度在第3周出现显著差异（p <0.001，η p2=0.32），由大到小依次是中重度、中度和轻度，两两显著且持续至第5周和第7周。结论：基于CBT的AI干预可有效改善抑郁症状，且在第3周开始起作用，7周可达更佳效果。同时，该干预方式可能对中度和中重度抑郁有更显著的干预效果。
• We investigated the intervention effect of an AI robot based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and it’s specificity for different depression severity. Methods: A total of 160 participants who scored between 6 and 19 in Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were randomly assigned to the AI intervention group or the control group, with 71 and 53 subjects were included in the final analysis, respectively. The AI intervention group completed 7-week chatbot-delivered CBT including weekly sessions with different themes and daily exercises through the PSYBOT Application. The control group (waitlist) were required to give their mood ratings and read mental health science articles daily through the same platform for 7 weeks. All outcomes were measured through the PHQ-9 at baseline, and at the end of the third, fifth and seventh week of the intervention. Results: Participants in the AI group showed improvements in depressive symptoms compared with the control group after the 7-week intervention, as indicated by decreased scores in the PHQ-9 (p<0.05, d=-0.44). At the end of the 3rd week of the chat bot-delivered CBT intervention, significant effects were found among participants with moderate and moderately severe depression (p<0.001, d>2) but not in mildly depressed subjects. The effects remained constant and were further in the 5th and the 7th week of intervention. Conclusions: Chatbot-delivered CBT may serve as a possible modality in alleviating the depressive symptoms of people with moderate and moderately severe depression. Multi-dimensional dependent variable indicators need to be used for further verification.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0409120
• 引用： 黄杏，吕浩，顾可瑜，等．基于认知行为疗法的聊天机器人对抑郁情绪的干预作用［J］．中国心理学前沿，2022，4（9）：1009-1020．