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全学科的撤稿原因分析——基于心理学领域

Analysis of Reasons for Withdrawal of Psychology Paper

Psychology of China / 2023,5(2): 99-116 / 2023-02-16 603 829

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• Authors: 康存义¹²      王子衿¹²      王文轩²³     
• Information:

  1．北京师范大学珠海分校，珠海；
  2．心理学回廊计划课题组，平衡科学与交叉学科标准化研究交互体系研究所，北京；
  3．埃森哲大中华区柔性工作室，上海

• Keywords: Psychological research framework; Retraction; Scientometric 心理学研究框架；撤稿；科学计量
• Abstract: Objective: Scientific research results should be based on traceable methods. Once the methods are faulty, the scientific research results are no longer reliable. Current psychological research suffers from a series of subjective and objective methodological irregularities, which undermine the reliability of empirical research and further trigger corrections and retractions. This paper provides suggestions for avoiding research irregularities in psychological research with a view to discussing the impact of irregular academic research on the academic community. Methods: The study was conducted with 1034 statements of concerns, corrections and retractions in the various subjects of the Retraction Watch Database for psychology. The study discussed the characteristics of retracted articles in the field of psychology based on the past framework of psychology research. Results: The most common reasons for retraction in the field of psychology were concerns and problems related to data, plagiarism, and duplicate publications. The most retracted journals are Perceptual and Motor Skills and Psychological Reports; the most retracted conference is ICEE held in Shanghai in 2011; the most retracted publisher is IEEE, followed by SAGE and Wiley respectively; the most retracted countries are China, USA, Russia and UK; the maximum retraction time lag is 78 years, the minimum is 0 days (i.e. Retracted in the same day), the average time lag is 5.6 years. Conclusion: Strengthening the standardization of psychology research and avoiding retractions due to academic reasons from the source as much as possible are conducive to the stable development of the field of psychology. 目的：高质量的科学研究结果需要基于可追溯的科学研究方法，一旦科学研究方法出现问题，科学研究的结果就不再可靠。当前心理学研究存在一系列主、客观原因造成的方法不规范问题，这破坏了实证研究的可靠性，并进一步引发文章的勘误和撤稿。本文从心理学的研究过程出发，为研究不规范现象的避免提供建议，以期讨论不规范的学术研究对学术界的影响。方法：研究收集了Retraction Watch Database中领域字段为心理学的1034条关注、勘误和撤稿声明，从文献的撤稿原因、期刊来源、出版商来源、发表时间、撤稿时间、发表与撤稿的时滞、学科交叉、声明类型、文献类型、发表国家、作者规模等维度对心理学领域撤稿文章特点展开基于前述已构建的心理学研究框架的讨论。结果：研究发现，在1943年到2021年发表文献的撤稿声明中，心理学领域最普遍的撤稿原因是有关数据的顾虑和问题、抄袭和重复发表；撤稿文献涵盖领域常与心理学共现的有教育学、社会学、医学下的精神病学、商学下的管理学等；撤稿涉及最多的期刊为Perceptual and Motor Skills 和Psychological Reports ，最多的会议为上海2011年举办的ICEE，最多的出版商为IEEE， 其次分别为SAGE、Wiley，最多的国家（或地区）为中国、美国、俄罗斯和英国；撤稿时滞最大为78年，最小为0天即当日撤稿，平均时滞为5.6年。结论：应加强心理学研究的规范化，从源头尽可能地避免学术原因导致的撤稿现象，这有利于于心理学领域的稳定发展。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0502012
• Cite: 康存义，王子衿，王文轩．全学科的撤稿原因分析——基于心理学领域［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（2）：99-116．