国际中文开源期刊平台

抑郁症患者的社会交互缺陷及其认知机制

The Cognitive Mechanism of Social Interaction Deficits in Individuals with Depression

中国心理学前沿 / 2023,5(7)：741-750 / 2023-07-13 127 149

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• 作者： 王乐怡      胡晶晶     
• 单位：

  浙江外国语学院，杭州

• 关键词： 抑郁症；社会交互；功能障碍；认知偏差
• Depression; Social interaction; Dysfunction; Cognitive bias
• 摘要： 抑郁症是全球范围内最常见的精神疾病之一，给个人和社会均造成了极大的负担。社会交互缺陷是抑郁症患者的标志性症状，患者会在日常生活中面对诸多社交困境，而不良的社会交互体验则进一步加重抑郁症状，形成恶性循环。因此，探寻抑郁症患者社会交互缺陷的内在机制是备受研究者关注的课题。目前绝大部分研究将功能障碍视作抑郁症患者社交缺陷的内在根源，认为该群体在感知、理解、决策等认知功能上存在缺陷，以致其难以顺利加工社会交互情景中的信息，并对应规划恰当的行为，故而在社会关系中遭遇失败。然而，相关研究中仍存在未解决的矛盾，以及未能完整解释抑郁症患者特征的局限。本文提出认知偏差视角的解释，认为抑郁症患相较于正常人群存在明显的认知偏差，导致其在社会交互中的判断标准异于常人，从而在理解他人和规划自身行为时表现出一系列心理与行为缺陷。认知偏差视角的观点得到近期不少研究的支持，并能够作为功能障碍视角相关理论的重要补充。围绕认知偏差视角的未来研究或可得益于计算建模和神经科学技术的发展，针对抑郁症患者的社会交互缺陷问题寻求理论突破和实践创新。
• Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses worldwide, with an enormous burdenon individuals and the society. Deficit in social interaction is a hallmark symptom in people withdepression. Individuals with depression always face a lot of social difficulties in daily life, and bad socialexperience further aggravate depressive symptoms, forming a vicious circle. Therefore, it is a topic of greatconcern to researchers to explore the internal mechanism of social interaction deficits in depression. Mostcurrent studies regard dysfunction as the internal root of social deficits in depression, and believe thatindividuals with depression have deficiencies in cognitive functions such as perception, understanding,and decision-making, which make it difficult for them to process social information and make suitabledecisions, thus leading to fail in social interaction. However, there are still unresolved inconsistencies inrelevant research, as well as limitations that do not fully account for the characteristics of individuals withdepression. This article puts forward an explanation from the perspective of cognitive bias, and believesthat individuals with depression have cognitive biases compared with normal people, which leads to theirdifferent judgment standards in social interactions, and thus show some differences in understandingothers and planning own behavior. A range of recent studies provide evidence to support the viewpoint ofcognitive bias perspective, and it can serve as an important supplement to related theories of dysfunctionperspective. Future research around the cognitive bias perspective may benefit from the developmentof computational models and neuroscience techniques to seek theoretical breakthroughs and practicalinnovations for the problem of social interaction deficits in depression.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0507086
• 引用： 王乐怡，胡晶晶．抑郁症患者的社会交互缺陷及其认知机制［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（7）：741-750．