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跨期决策任务中 不同成就动机者的图形框架效应

Graphical Framing Effect of Different Achievement Motivators in Intertemporal Decision Making Tasks

中国心理学前沿 / 2023,5(12)：1261-1275 / 2024-01-03 80 77

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• 作者： 崔晓洁     
• 单位：

  广西师范大学，桂林

• 关键词： 跨期决策；成就动机；图形框架效应
• Delay discounting task; Achievement motivation; Graph-framing effect
• 摘要： 本实验旨在探究跨期决策任务中不同成就动机者的图形框架效应。预实验使用问卷法招募269名本科大学生确定正式实验的决策任务。正式实验分为三个子实验，共招募134名本科大学生，采用2（强调维度：所获金额、等待时间）×2（成就动机：高、低）×3（图形比例：1∶1.5、1∶2、1∶3）的混合实验设计，要求被试对随机呈现的63张图片形式的决策任务进行选择，以即时选项的选择次数为因变量，三个子实验唯一不同点在于实验材料的图形形状：扇形图、坐标图和柱形图。结果证实：（1）扇形图和柱形图呈现的跨期决策任务存在图形框架效应。（2）柱形图中成就动机高者的即时选项选择次数大于成就动机低者。扇形图中高成就动机者比低成就动机者更容易受图形框架效应的影响。（3）图形比例小时即时选项选择次数大于图形比例大时的即时选项选择次数。
• The purpose of this experiment is to explore the graph-framing effect of those with differentachievement motivations in delay discounting tasks. In the preliminary experiment, 269 undergraduatestudents were recruited by questionnaire to determine the decision-making task of the formal experiment.The formal experiment is divided into three sub-experiments, all using 2 (emphasis on the dimensions:the amount obtained, the waiting time) × 2 (achievement motivation: high , low) × 3 (graphic scale: 1∶ 1.5, 1 ∶ 2, 1 ∶ 3) mixed experiment design, recruiting 134 undergraduate college students to participatein the experiment. The subjects were asked to select immediate or delay options in 63 random picturesof decision-making tasks and analyze the data with the selection times of immediate options as thedependent variable. The only difference between the three sub-experiments is the graphic shape of theexperimental materials, which are the sector graph, coordinate graph and column graph. The results showthat: (1) There is a graph-framing effect in delay discounting tasks in sector and column graphs. (2) In thecolumn graph, the number of immediate choices for those with high achievement motivation is greaterthan those with low achievement motivation. (3)The number of immediate choices when the graphic scaleis small is greater than the number of immediate choices when the graphic scale is large.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0512148
• 引用： 崔晓洁．跨期决策任务中不同成就动机者的图形框架效应［J］．中国心理学前沿，2023，5（12）：1261-1275．