国际中文开源期刊平台

人际信任跨文化横断历史研究

A cross-cultural historical study of Interpersonal Trust

中国心理学前沿 / 2020,2(2)： 184 - 203 / 2020-03-03 3212 5536

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• 作者： 钱慧如¹      陈雅梅¹²      白丽英¹*     
• 单位：

  1．福州大学人文社会科学学院应用心理学系，福州
  2．华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院，上海

• 关键词： 人际信任；跨文化研究；横断历史元分析
• interpersonal trust，cross-temporal meta-analysis，cross-cultural study
• 摘要： 为了解当今社会的人际信任水平，探究文化因素对人际信任影响随年代的变迁，采用横断历史研究，以集体主义和个人主义的文化为区分获选国内外的91篇有关人际信任的文献，其中集体主义文化背景下的文献72篇,涉及29140名被试，个人主义文化背景下的文献19篇，涉及 21424名被试进行元分析，并且以集体主义和个人主义的文化为区分方法，考察人际信任水平间的文化因素，调查的时间跨度为1967年至2017年。研究结果表明：（1）集体主义文化下的人际信任(t=-0.55，df=72，p=0.581>0.05)处于中等水平，个人主义文化下的人际信任（t=-4.00，df=26，p=0.000<0.05）低于中等水平，由曲线估计得每个方程的p值均大于0.05，表明这两种文化背景下的人际信任水平都没有随着年份的变化而变化；（2）独立样本T检验结果为p = 0.001，表明集体主义文化下的人际信任水平显著高于个人主义文化下的人际信任水平；（3）两种文化下的男、女人际信任水平有显著差异，但两者间效应量较小（p=0.000<0.05, Hedges’g=0.186）。综上：集体主义文化下的人际信任水平更高，个人主义文化下的人际信任水平较低，两者无年代效应而有性别差异。
• In order to learn about the level of interpersonal trust nowadays and explore how the influence cultural factors exerts on interpersonal trust changes with age, a cross-temporal meta-analysis was applied to examine the cultural factors of interpersonal trust level and the culture of individualism and collectivism used as the distinguishing method. According to certain standards, 87 literatures about interpersonal trust are selected at home and abroad from 1967 to 2015, among which 72 literatures are under the culture of collectivism, involving 32587 participants, and 15 literatures are under the culture of individualism, involving 20406 participants. The results show that: (1) the interpersonal trust under the culture of collectivism (t = -0.40, df = 72, p = 0.692 > 0.05) is in the middle level, interpersonal trust under the culture of individualism (t = -3.57, df = 21, p = 0.002 < 0.05) is lower than the medium level, each P values of the equations estimated by the curve is more than 0.05, which shows that the level of interpersonal trust under these two cultural backgrounds do not change over year; (2) the results of analysis of variance is P = 0.003, indicating the level of interpersonal trust under the culture of collectivism is significantly higher than the level of interpersonal trust under the culture of individualism; (3) the level of interpersonal trust of male and female have no significant difference. Summary: The interpersonal trust level of collectivism is higher than individualism and they don’t have the age-effect and gender difference.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0202013
• 引用： 钱慧如，陈雅梅，白丽英．人际信任跨文化横断历史研究［J］．中国心理学前沿，2020，2（2）： 184 - 203 ．
  https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0202013