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宠物与主人性格匹配对宠物态度的影响：基于大五人格理论的跨物种心理学研究

The Impact of Pet-owner Personality Matching on Attitudes Toward Pets: A Cross-species Psychological Study based on the Big Five Personality Theory

Psychology of China / 2025,7(11): 1538-1543 / 2025-12-01 37 26

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• Authors: 王星云
• Information:

  广西师范大学教育学部心理学系，桂林

• Keywords:
  Pet personality; Big five personality theory; Human-pet relationships; Personality matching; Cross-species psychology
  宠物人格; 大五人格理论; 人宠关系; 性格匹配; 跨物种心理学
• Abstract: With the evolution of pets from functional partners to emotional companions, the establishment mechanism of cross-species psychological contracts has become a central challenge in human-pet relationship research. Grounded in the Big Five Personality Theory, this study pioneers the construction of a “Dynamic Bidirectional Matching Model” to systematically elucidate the measurability of pet personality and its interactive effects with owner personality. The findings reveal that: (1)Pets exhibit cross-species universality across the five personality dimensions, with biological foundations closely linked to neuroendocrine systems shared among vertebrates (e.g., homology between the canine DRD4 gene and human extraversion); (2)Owner-pet matching follows a “Similarity-Complementarity Dual-Track System,” where similarity in Openness and Agreeableness enhances emotional bonds through self-projection, while complementarity in Extraversion and Neuroticism addresses need gaps via stress-buffering mechanisms; (3)The dynamic matching algorithm (ASPCA, 2022) increased 6-month adoption retention rates to 89%, demonstrating the potential of “post-adoption adaptation” to correct initial matching biases. Breaking from traditional unidirectional perspectives, this study proposes a “Cross-Species Psychological Science” paradigm, offering a theoretical toolkit for optimizing bidirectional well-being for both humans and pets. 随着宠物从功能性伙伴向情感伴侣转型，跨物种心理契约的建立机制成为人宠关系研究的核心挑战。本文基于大五人格理论，首次构建“动态双向匹配模型”，系统揭示宠物人格的可测量性及其与主人性格的交互效应。研究发现：（1）宠物在五维人格特质上具有跨物种普适性，其生物学基础与脊椎动物共享的神经内分泌系统高度关联（如犬类DRD4基因与人类外向性同源）；（2）主宠匹配模式遵循“相似—互补双轨制”，开放性、宜人性的相似性通过自我投射增强情感联结，而外向性、神经质的互补性通过压力缓冲机制弥补需求缺口；（3）动态匹配算法（ASPCA，2022）将6个月领养留存率提升至89%，验证了“后天适应”对初始匹配偏差的修正潜力。本研究突破传统单向视角，提出“跨物种心理科学”范式，为人宠双向福祉优化提供理论工具。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0711248 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 王星云. (2025). 宠物与主人性格匹配对宠物态度的影响：基于大五人格理论的跨物种心理学研究. 中国心理学前沿, 7 (11), 1538-1543.