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专业学位研究生创业胜任力量表的编制和信效度检验

Development and Reliability and Validity Test of the Entrepreneurial Competence Scale for Professional Degree Postgraduates

Psychology of China / 2026,8(1): 129-138 / 2026-01-30 18 9

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• Authors: 马胜男¹ 安南² 李义安²
• Information:

  1．重庆市九龙坡职业教育中心，重庆；
  2．聊城大学教育科学学院，聊城

• Keywords:
  Professional degree postgraduates; Entrepreneurial competence; Scale development; Reliability and validity test
  专业学位研究生; 创业胜任力; 量表编制; 信效度检验
• Abstract: This study aimed to develop an Entrepreneurial Competence Scale for Professional Degree Postgraduates and test its reliability and validity. First, the components of entrepreneurial competence for professional degree postgraduates were identified through literature analysis. After expert evaluation and content analysis, a preliminary scale was formulated. Then, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability/validity tests were conducted to develop the formal scale. The Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale was used as the criterion measure. Results showed that: (1) The preliminary scale consisted of 91 items. (2) EFA revealed that the entrepreneurial competence of professional degree postgraduates comprised 2 first-level indicators (Competence and Literacy) and 9 second-level indicators, namely: Stress Resilience and Adaptability, Team Leadership Ability, Organizational Coordination Ability, Business Opportunity Identification Ability, Logical Thinking Ability, Pursuit of Excellence, Team Awareness, Customer Orientation, and Self-Control. (3) CFA demonstrated that the model with 2 first-level and 9 second-level indicators had good fit: χ²/df = 2.23 < 3, IFI, TLI, and CFI values all > 0.90, GFI and AGFI > 0.8, RMR and RMSEA < 0.05. (4) Correlation analysis indicated significant positive correlations between the total score and each dimension of the Entrepreneurial Competence Scale and those of the Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale. Conclusion: The Entrepreneurial Competence Scale for Professional Degree Postgraduates, consisting of 2 firstlevel indicators and 9 second-level indicators, has good reliability and validity and can be used as a tool to measure the entrepreneurial competence of professional degree postgraduates. 编制专业学位研究生创业胜任力量表，并进行信效度检验。采用文献分析法获得专业学位研究生创业胜任力的构成要素，经过专家评定，采用内容分析法，获得初测量表；采用项目分析、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析，以及信效度检验，形成正式量表。采用创业自我效能感量表作为效标。结果显示：专业学位研究生创业胜任力初测量表由91题构成；探索性因素分析发现，专业学位研究生的创业胜任力由能力和素养两个一级指标和9个二级指标构成，分别是：抗压应变能力、团队领导能力、组织协调能力、商机识别能力、逻辑思维能力、追求卓越、团队意识、客户导向和自我控制。验证性因素分析结果表明，由两个一级指标和9个二级指标构成的模型具有良好的拟合指标，χ2/df=2.23<3，IFI、TLI、CFI值均大于0.90，GFI，AGFI>0.8，RMR，RMSEA<0.05。相关分析结果表明，专业学位研究生创业胜任力与创业自我效能感的总分和各维度得分之间相关显著。结论：专业学位研究生创业胜任力量表由两个一级指标和9个二级指标构成。专业学位研究生创业胜任力量表信效度良好，可以作为专业学位研究生创业胜任力测量的工具。
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.35534/pc.0801021 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 马胜男, 安南, 李义安. (2026). 专业学位研究生创业胜任力量表的编制和信效度检验. 中国心理学前沿, 8 (1), 129-138.