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亲职化问卷回溯版的中文修订及其信效度检验

Chinese Revision of the Parentification Questionnaire (KPdM) and Its Test of Reliability and Validity

王美然¹, 张晨光¹, Judyta, Borchet²

Psychology of China / 2026,8(3): 349-354 / 2026-04-08 22 14

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• Information:

  1．西南民族大学教育学与心理学学院，成都；
  2．Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gdansk, Gdansk 80-309, Poland

• Keywords:
  Parentification; Questionnaire validation; Reliability; Validity
  亲职化; 问卷修订; 信度; 效度
• Abstract: Objective: This study aims to revise the Parentification Questionnaire for Youth (KPdM) into an adult-adjusted version and examine its reliability and validity among Chinese college students. Methods: The questionnaire was adapted based on the youth parentification questionnaire for youth developed by Borchet et al. in 2019. Two psychology students with overseas study background completed the translation and back-translation procedures. After strict comparison of the original and back-translated versions, items unsuitable for the Chinese cultural background were deleted or modified to form the Chinese version of KPdM. The resulting solution had 24 items. A total of 642 college students were recruited to complete the Chinese version of KPdM, and the General Health Questionnaire, which was selected as the criterion validity instrument. Item analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were adopted for data analysis. Results: Item analysis indicated that all items had satisfactory discrimination level. The standardized Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total questionnaire was 0.847 for only children, and 0.919 for non-only children. ESEM results for both only children and non-only children showed that the overall fit indices of the model were acceptable: χ²/ df < 5, both Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) and Comparative Fit Index (CFI) were above 0.9, the Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) was below 0.08, and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was below 0.1. Conclusion: The Chinese version of KPdM has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a retrospective measurement tool for parentification among Chinese college students. 目的：该研究旨在将青少年亲职化问卷（ParentificationQuestionnaireforYouth，KPdM）修订为成人版本，并检验其在中国大学生中的信效度。方法：问卷以Borchet等人在2019年编制的青少年亲职化量表为蓝本，经过两名有海外留学背景的心理学专业学生进行翻译与回译，经严格比对后，对中文版本问卷删除并修改了不适合中国文化背景的项目。最终保留了24个项目。之后对642名大学生施测中文版KPdM，选取一般健康问卷作为校标；采用项目分析和探索性结构方程模型分析；结果：问卷的项目分析显示项目的区分度较好，独生子女总问卷的标准化的Cronbach’sα系数为0.847；非独生子女总问卷的标准化的Cronbach’sα系数为0.919。ESEM结果显示，量表的双因子结构（情感亲职化与工具亲职化）在大学生群体中得到支持。其中，情感亲职化维度的拟合指数为：χ2/df=1.80-2.88，CFI=0.953-0.987，TLI=0.925-0.967，RMSEA=0.055-0.070；工具亲职化维度的拟合指数为：χ2/df=1.73-3.25，CFI=0.984-0.992，TLI=0.966-0.984，RMSEA=0.053-0.077。所有拟合指标均在可接受范围内；结论：中文版KPdM具有良好的信效度，可以作为中国大学生亲职化的回溯性测量工具。
• DOI: 10.35534/pc.0803054 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 王美然, 张晨光, Judyta Borchet. (2026). 亲职化问卷回溯版的中文修订及其信效度检验. 中国心理学前沿, 8 (3), 349-354.