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提取难度对提取诱发促进效应的影响

The Impact of Retrieval Difficulty on Retrieval-induced Enhancement Effects

姜良辰 , 赵丹娜 , 陈晓漫 , 孙英桐 , 刘旭

Psychology of China / 2026,8(3): 328-334 / 2026-03-31 28 23

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• Information:

  湖南科技大学教育学院，湘潭

• Keywords:
  Retrieval-induced enhancement effect; Retrieval difficulty; Four-character idiom
  提取诱发促进效应; 提取难度; 四字成语
• Abstract: Selectively retrieving part of the learned content facilitates the recall of other, non-retrieved content, a phenomenon known as the Retrieval-Induced Enhancement Effects. Contextual retrieval theory posits that retrieval difficulty influences the degree of context reactivation, thereby enhancing the Retrieval-Induced Enhancement Effects. However, few studies have directly explored and clarified the relationship between retrieval difficulty and the RetrievalInduced Enhancement Effects. This study aims to investigate the impact of retrieval difficulty on the Retrieval-Induced Enhancement Effects by manipulating the characters in different positions of four-character idioms as retrieval cues. The results revealed that: (1) Four-character idiom materials can produce the Retrieval-Induced Enhancement Effects. (2) Using the characters in the second and fourth positions as cues resulted in higher retrieval difficulty compared to using those in the first and third positions. (3) As retrieval difficulty increased, the Retrieval-Induced Enhancement Effects correspondingly increased. These findings support the context reactivation perspective within the dual-factor theory and the contextual retrieval theory, indicating that retrieval difficulty is an important factor in the RetrievalInduced Enhancement Effects. 选择性提取部分学习内容会促进其他未获得提取内容的回忆，该现象被称为提取诱发促进效应。情境提取理论认为提取难度会影响情境再激活程度，进而增强提取诱发促进效应，然而现有研究较少直接探讨并澄清提取难度与提取诱发促进效应的关系。本研究拟通过操纵四字成语中不同位置的字作为提取线索的方式，考察提取难度对提取诱发促进效应的影响。结果发现：（1）四字成语材料可以产生提取诱发促进效应。（2）呈现二四位置的字作为线索时的提取难度高于呈现一三位置的字。（3）随着提取难度增加，提取诱发促进效应随之增大。该结果支持了双因素理论中的情境再激活观点和情境提取理论，表明提取难度是影响提取诱发促进效应的重要因素。
• DOI: 10.35534/pc.0803051 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 姜良辰, 赵丹娜, 陈晓漫, 孙英桐, 刘旭. (2026). 提取难度对提取诱发促进效应的影响. 中国心理学前沿, 8(3), 328-334.