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不同类型中等强度有氧运动对青少年执行功能的急性影响

Acute Effects of Different Types of Moderate-intensity Aerobic Exercise on Executive Functions in Adolescents

关天明, 曹嘉玲, 章艾晴

Psychology of China / 2026,8(3): 373-380 / 2026-04-07 20 19

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• Information:

  广州大学教育学院，广州

• Keywords:
  Aerobic exercise; Coordinative movement; Executive function; Inhibitory control; Cognitive flexibility; Adolescents
  有氧运动; 协调性运动; 执行功能; 抑制功能; 认知灵活性; 青少年
• Abstract: This study investigated the acute effects of different types of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on adolescents’ executive functions, with a specific focus on comparing coordinative exercise (aerobic dance) and endurance exercise (jogging) in their potential benefits for inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. Seventysix middle-school students completed a Flanker task and a More-Odd Shifting task to assess inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility, respectively, before and after a single exercise session. Results showed that the aerobic-dance group exhibited significantly faster reaction times on the Flanker task post-intervention, indicating a general facilitative effect. In addition, the aerobic-dance group demonstrated a significantly reduced switch cost during the mixed-switching block of the More-Odd Shifting task, supporting the selective improvement hypothesis. In contrast, the jogging group did not show reliable cognitive benefits and, on some indices, performed worse than the control group. These findings suggest that coordinative exercise may yield stronger short-term enhancements of executive functions than more automated endurance exercise, potentially due to greater cognitive engagement and higher demands on executive control. This study extends evidence on exercise-cognition relations to adolescent populations and offers theoretical and practical implications for designing exercise-based cognitive interventions in youth. 本研究旨在探讨不同类型的中等强度有氧运动对青少年执行功能的短期影响，重点比较协调性运动（有氧操）与耐力运动（慢跑）在抑制功能与认知灵活性方面的改善效果。研究以76名初中生为被试，采用Flanker任务与More-OddShifting任务分别测量抑制功能与认知灵活性。结果表明，有氧操组在运动干预后Flanker任务反应时显著缩短，表现出一般性改善；在More-OddShifting混合转换阶段的转换成本（SwitchCost）亦显著降低，支持选择性改善假说。相比之下，慢跑组未显示出显著的认知改善，甚至在某些指标上表现低于对照组。研究结果表明，协调性运动对需要更高认知资源的执行功能任务具有更显著的促进作用。本研究不仅拓展了运动认知研究的年龄范围，也为青少年认知干预提供了理论支持与实践路径。
• DOI: 10.35534/pc.0803058 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 关天明, 曹嘉玲, 章艾晴. (2026). 不同类型中等强度有氧运动对青少年执行功能的急性影响. 中国心理学前沿, 8 (3), 373-380.