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自闭症儿童家庭抗逆力与积极应对：社会支持的中介与确诊时长的调节

Family Resilience and Positive Coping in Families of Autistic Children: The Mediating Role of Social Support and the Moderating Role of Duration of Diagnosis

杨小梅¹, 李佳¹², 邓嫚芝¹, 刘佳妮¹, 王星玥¹

Psychology of China / 2026,8(5): 789-797 / 2026-05-29 31 35

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• Information:

  1．长沙师范学院学前教育学院，长沙；
  2．北京师范大学心理学部认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室，北京

• Keywords:
  Autistic children; Family resilience; Positive coping; Social support; Duration of diagnosis
  自闭症儿童; 家庭抗逆力; 积极应对; 社会支持
• Abstract: To explore the relationship and mechanism between family resilience and positive coping among families of autistic children, this study administered the Family Hardiness Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Social Support Rating Scale to 536 families of autistic children aged 0–18 years from 11 provinces (municipalities) including Hunan, Anhui, and Liaoning. The results showed that: (1) Family resilience significantly and positively predicted positive coping (r = 0.68, p < 0.001); (2) Social support played a partial mediating role between family resilience and positive coping; (3) Duration of diagnosis exerted significant moderating effects on the direct path and the second half of the mediating model. Specifically, as the duration of diagnosis increased, the direct predictive effect of family resilience on positive coping weakened, while the predictive effect of social support on positive coping strengthened. This study explores the influencing pathways in the process of family adaptation, providing empirical evidence for the construction of family support systems and targeted intervention. 为探讨自闭症儿童家庭抗逆力与积极应对之间的关系及其作用机制，研究采用家庭抗逆力量表、简易应对方式量表及社会支持量表对536名来自湖南、安徽、辽宁等11个省（市）的0～18岁自闭症儿童家庭进行调查。结果显示：（1）家庭抗逆力显著正向预测积极应对（r=0.68，p<0.001）；（2）社会支持在家庭抗逆力与积极应对之间起部分中介作用；（3）确诊时长在中介模型的直接路径与后半路径发挥显著调节作用，即随确诊时长增加，家庭抗逆力对积极应对的直接预测效应减弱，社会支持对积极应对的预测效应增强。本研究探讨了家庭适应过程中的相关影响路径，可为家庭支持体系建设与精准干预提供实证依据。
• DOI: 10.35534/pc.0805117 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 杨小梅, 李佳, 邓嫚芝, 刘佳妮, 王星玥. (2026). 自闭症儿童家庭抗逆力与积极应对: 社会支持的中介与确诊时长的调节. 中国心理学前沿, 8 (5), 789-797.