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家庭社会阶层对中学生学业成绩的预测：学业归因与学习投入的链式中介作用

How Family Social Class Predicts Middle School Students’ Academic Performance: The Chain Mediation Role of Academic Attribution and Study Engagement

侯雨¹, 蔡爽爽¹, 高超¹, 王雪婷², 陈继文¹

Psychology of China / 2026,8(7): 1107-1113 / 2026-08-04 14 9

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• Information:

  1．江汉大学教育学院，武汉；
  2．湖北经济学院，武汉

• Keywords:
  Family social class; Academic achievement; Academic attribution; Learning engagement
  家庭社会阶层; 学业成绩; 学业归因; 学习投入
• Abstract: Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between family social class and academic performance among middle school students, as well as the chain mediation effects of academic attribution and learning engagement in this relationship. Methods: A total of 1,558 junior high school students from multiple regions across three provinces were selected. Surveys were conducted using the Subjective Socioeconomic Status Scale, Academic Achievement Self-Assessment Questionnaire, Multidimensional-Multidirectional Attribution Scale, and the Chinese version of the Classroom Engagement Questionnaire. Results: Family socioeconomic status positively predicted academic performance. Academic attribution and learning engagement mediated the relationship between family socioeconomic status and academic performance, with academic attribution and learning engagement exhibiting chain mediation effects. Conclusion: Family socioeconomic status can directly influence the academic performance of middle school students, as well as indirectly affect their academic performance through the chain mediation of academic attribution and learning engagement. 目标：本研究旨在探究家庭社会阶层与中学生学业成绩之间的关系，以及学业归因和学习投入在两者间的链式中介作用。方法：选取三省多地区初中生1558人，发放主观社会经济地位量表、学业成就自评问卷、多维—多向归因量表以及中文版课堂投入调查表进行问卷调查。结果：家庭社会阶层正向预测学业成绩；学业归因和学习投入在家庭社会阶层与学业成绩间起中介作用，且学业归因和学习投入在其中起链式中介作用。结论：家庭社会阶层可以直接影响中学生的学业成绩，也可以通过学业归因和学习投入的链式中介间接影响其学业成绩。
• DOI: 10.35534/pc.0807163 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 侯雨, 蔡爽爽, 高超, 王雪婷, 陈继文. (2026). 家庭社会阶层对中学生学业成绩的预测: 学业归因与学习投入的链式中介作用. 中国心理学前沿, 8(7), 1107-1113.