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人工智能技术赋能侦查实战范式、路径与风险

Research on the New Paradigm and Practical Path of Investigation Enabled by Artificial Intelligence

付文波

Progress in Social Sciences / 2026,8(4): 330-334 / 2026-05-06 8 5

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• Information:

  中央司法警官学院监狱学学院，保定

• Keywords:
  Artificial intelligence; Investigation practical combat; Paradigm; Path; Risk
  人工智能; 侦查实战; 范式; 路径; 风险
• Abstract: Artificial Intelligence technology is exerting a profound impact on the modernization process of public security work. As the forms of crime continue to evolve, shortcomings and bottlenecks in investigation practical combat have become increasingly prominent. Against this backdrop, AI technology is driving the reform of modern policing mechanisms, enhancing the new-quality combat effectiveness of public security organs, and comprehensively empowering investigation practical combat work, thus facilitating the transformation from traditional “sweat-based policing” to “smart policing”. Based on the needs of investigation practical combat, this paper explores the four-in-one intelligent practical combat paradigm of “theory-technology-application-risk”, aiming to advance the transition of AIempowered investigation toward “systematic intelligent practical combat”. In terms of practical paths, investigation efficiency is improved through measures such as intelligent crime information management, spatio-temporal hot-spot analysis, intelligent auxiliary investigation decision-making, as well as intelligent on-site reconstruction, arrest, and interrogation. This paper also fully discusses the risk factors faced by AI-empowered investigation practical combat, including legal liability, data-related risks, algorithmic risks, and over-reliance risks. It is emphasized that the principle of “human-led and AI-assisted” must be adhered to, to ensure technology for good and controllable risks, and ultimately comprehensively enhance the new-quality combat effectiveness of public security organs. 人工智能技术正深刻影响公安工作现代化进程。随着犯罪形式的不断变化，侦查实战工作中的不足和瓶颈开始凸显，人工智能技术正在驱动现代警务机制改革、提升公安机关新质战斗力，并全方位赋能侦查实战工作，推动传统“汗水警务”向“智慧警务”转型。立足于侦查实战需求，探讨“理论-技术-应用-风险”四位一体的智能化实战范式，推动人工智能赋能侦查向“体系化的智能实战”转变。在实践路径方面，通过智能化犯罪信息管理、时空热点分析、智能辅助侦查决策及现场智能重建、缉捕与审讯等手段提升侦查效能。充分讨论人工智能赋能侦查实战面临的法律责任、数据和算法以及过度依赖等风险因素，坚持“人为主导、人工智能辅助”的原则，确保技术向善、风险可控，全面提升公安新质战斗力。
• DOI: 10.35534/pss.0804058 (registering DOI)
• Cite: 付文波．人工智能技术赋能侦查实战范式、路径与风险［J］．社会科学进展，2026，8（4）：330-334.