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新发展阶段山地户外运动中的风险及其治理

The Risk and its Control of Mountain Outdoor Sports in the New Development Stage

中国体育研究 / 2022,4(4)：250-258 / 2023-01-10 184 282

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• 作者： 胡俊     
• 单位：

  湖北经济学院，武汉
  

• 关键词： 山地户外运动；风险治理；风险社会理论
• Mountain outdoor sports; Risk management; Risk society theory
• 摘要： 新发展阶段山地户外运动风险主要包括人为安全风险、环境安全风险、设备安全风险、身体技能安全风险及社会环境安全风险。导致新发展阶段山地户外运动风险的成因在于：一是参与者缺乏风险意识组织者没有科学风险辨识能力；二是由于自然环境的不确定性导致出现不可预见的意外风险；三是缺乏相关户外运动专业知识及自我保护意识薄弱身体素质差；四是装备器械的设计不合理、质量不合格以及不符合项目要求等导致的风险事故；五是法律法规供给不充分紧急救援系统不完善缺乏安全教育。要有效治理新发展阶段山地户外运动风险，就必须要在坚持以人民生命安全观的前提下，建设一个人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的风险治理共同体。一是要完善山地户外运动法律法规，推进新发展阶段风险法治；二是要科学合理提高风险识别能力，健全风险预警防控体系；三是要普及相关专业知识进行有效培训，提升参与者素养；四是要完善行业监管体系，规范装备器械标准化；五是要发挥多元主体作用，打造多元共治格局。
• The risk of mountain outdoor sports in the new development stage mainly includes human safety risk, environmental safety risk, equipment safety risk, physical skill safety risk and social environment safety risk. The factors leading to the risk of mountain outdoor sports in the new development stage are as follows: first, participants lack risk awareness and organizers lack scientific risk identification ability; The second is the unforeseeable risk caused by the uncertainty of the natural environment; Third, the lack of related outdoor sports professional knowledge and self-protection consciousness is weak and poor physical quality; Fourth, risk accidents caused by unreasonable design, unqualified quality and non-compliance with project requirements of equipment and equipment; Fifth, inadequate supply of laws and regulations, imperfect emergency rescue system and lack of safety education. In order to effectively control the risk of mountain outdoor sports in the new development stage, it is necessary to build a risk management community with everyone’s responsibility, responsibility and enjoyment under the premise of adhering to the concept of people’s life safety. First, to improve the mountain outdoor sports laws and regulations, promote the risk of the new development stage of the rule of law; Second, we should scientifically and reasonably improve the ability to identify risks and improve the risk early warning and prevention system. Thirdly, relevant professional knowledge should be popularized for effective training to improve the quality of participants; Fourth, to improve the industry supervision system, standardize equipment standardization; Fifth, we need to give play to the role of diverse entities and build a pattern of diverse and cogovernance.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/scps.0404026
• 引用： 胡俊．新发展阶段山地户外运动中的风险及其治理［J］．中国体育研究，2022，4（4）：250-258．